A reference governor-based hierarchical control for failure mode power management of hybrid power systems for all-electric ships

Abstract

This paper deals with the design of failure mode power management (PM) of hybrid power systems (HPS) during a shipboard power source failure, which is an important scenario that the all-electric ships (AES) targeting military applications have to deal with. The control objective is to manage the power flow from working power sources and battery to ensure survivability, namely, ensuring system safety and maximizing the load support. The on-demand nature of the problem due to unpredictable failure times makes real-time control a key requirement. The survivability mandates, along with large scale, nonlinear HPS dynamics and long warmup times of the backup power sources, make most of the existing control strategies ineffective to meet the real-time requirements. With the focus on achieving real-time computational efficiency, a novel hierarchical control approach using reference governor is proposed. A top level controller determines a suboptimal power split between the battery and working source to meet the demand on the HPS and the local controllers govern the power demands for the individual power sources to enforce constraints. A case study of the proposed controller on a scaled HPS test-bed illustrates the real-time computational efficiency and improved HPS survivability.

Reference and command governors for systems with constraints: A survey on theory and applications

“…Several other applications of governors have been presented. A non-exhaustive list includes the power management system of an all-electric ship [225], chemical process control [151], water channel networks [173], wind turbines [30], tokamak reactors for thermonuclear fusion [182], formations of mobile robots [197,230], and lab-scale demonstrators such as inverted pendula [58,100] and four-tanks systems [40].…”

Optimal Power Management for Failure Mode of MVDC Microgrids in All-Electric Ships

“…Additionally, there are other considerations including obtaining the correct order of switching [2], probability-based prediction of fault effects [3], minimizing the number or cost of switching actions [4], [5], real-time management [6], [7], etc. In the short-time scale, the authors in [8] developed a reference governor-based control approach to support the non-critical loads as much as possible while maximizing the battery usage. However, they focused on the recovery of power supply for loads, without consideration of post-fault management including the voyage plan and the operating cost in a mid-time scale.…”

Energy Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Hybrid Conversion of Inland Passenger Vessel

“…However, it soon turned out that these processes have to be permanently controlled, which now is frequently executed by displaying main charging parameters, such as voltage, electric current, and temperature on the screen [8]. At present, hybrid propulsion systems are being developed by various companies all over the world, they are also the object of numerous research activities worldwide [9] [10].…”