A Refinement of Nitrogen Isotope Analysis of Coal Using Elemental Analyzer/Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry and the Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Compositions of Coals Imported in China

Liu, Feng; Li, Hongwei; Yan, Dan‐Ping

doi:10.1021/acsomega.0c00488

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The δ 13 C values of approximately <−26‰ were observed in the samples from Indonesia, Colombia, and the Philippines, whereas those of others were >−26‰. This phenomenon has also been observed in previously reported δ 13 C values (Rigby and Batts, 1986;Suto and Kawashima, 2016;Feng et al, 2020). Specifically, most δ 13 C values for Indonesian coals (−27.7 ± 0.7‰, n = 45) were lighter than −26‰, whereas those from Australia (−24.7 ± 0.8‰, n = 32) and Russia (−23.9 ± 1.3‰, n = 13) were heavier (Figure 1).…”

Section: Carbon Isotopic Compositions In Imported Coal Samplessupporting

confidence: 85%

“…These results were similar to those reported previously for δ 15 N values. That is, the δ 15 N values for Russian and Australian coal samples were higher (average 2.13 ± 1.15‰, n = 27) than those of Indonesia and the Philippines (1.23 ± 0.52‰, n = 27) (Rigby and Batts, 1986;Feng et al, 2020). Canadian coal mostly exhibited δ 15 N values of 0‰-1‰ (Whiticar, 1996).…”

Section: Nitrogen Isotopic Compositions In Imported Coal Samplesmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Carbon and nitrogen isotope characterization of imported coals in South Korea

Jeong,

Kim,

Jung

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Since the Industrial Revolution in the late 1700s, coal has been a major energy source widely used in transportation, industries, and electricity generation. According to recent statistics on total global coal production, the coal consumption rate has continuously increased from 4,699 Mton in 2000 to 8,025 Mton in 2022 (International Energy Agency, IEA, 2022). The increase in coal consumption is closely related to the production of electricity. In 2017, the International Energy Agency, IEA, 2019 reported that coal-fired power plants generated 40% of total electricity worldwide. Despite the necessity of coal, its use contributes to a rise in the Earth's temperature due to the emission of greenhouse gases (e.g., CO 2 ) into the atmosphere during combustion. Global warming, due to the use of fossil fuels, including coal, has increased the global mean surface air temperature by 0.89 °C in 2022 (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environment Information, NOAA, 2022). Recently, at the Paris Climate Conference in 2015, nearly 200 countries adopted an international agreement that aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to keep the global average temperature at <2 °C above pre-industrial levels (UNFCCC, 2015).China is the largest coal-producing country in the world, with >48% of global coal production (International Energy Agency, IEA, 2020). However, since 2005, China's average annual coal consumption rate has slightly exceeded the national coal production rate. Consequently, approximately 7% (300 million tons) of the total coal consumption in China has been imported from Indonesia (65.8%), Russia (17.4%), and Mongolia (3%) (International Energy Agency, IEA, 2022). However, in South Korea, the coal consumption rate (157 million tons) has largely exceeded the coal production rate (1.9 million tons) (CEIC, 2021). Therefore, the coal consumed in South Korea relies entirely on imports from other countries. In 2022, the largest amount of coal was imported from Australia (37%), followed by Russia (22%), Indonesia (20%), Canada (7%), South Africa (5%), the United States (3.7%), the Philippines (1.6%), and Colombia (1.4%) (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 2023). In contrast, imports of coal from China have gradually decreased, accounting for only 0.03% of total coal imported into South Korea in 2022.Geographically, South Korea is located to the east of China, and air pollutants (including greenhouse gases) emitted from thermal power and industrial plants in China are

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Section: Carbon Isotopic Compositions In Imported Coal Samplessupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Nitrogen Isotopic Compositions In Imported Coal Samplesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Carbon and nitrogen isotope characterization of imported coals in South Korea

Jeong,

Kim,

Jung

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The Australian coals show similarly negative values (average −163.3 ± 17.0‰) ( Table 2 ). The values of hydrogen isotope of coal samples have a similar trend range as the carbon and nitrogen isotope values, and shows obvious characteristics ( Feng et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

An Improved Cr-EA-IRMS Method for the Effective Determination of the Hydrogen Isotopes in Coal Samples

Liu

2022

Front. Chem.

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Hydrogen isotope analysis of coal is an important tool in the geochemical analysis of coal. The traditional method of hydrogen isotope analysis of coal requires the oxidation of organic matter bound hydrogen in coal to water by an oxidizing agent and then its reduction to hydrogen by a reducing agent. This method is time-consuming and laborious, and makes it difficult to cope with the rapid detection of large numbers of samples. The recent development of continuous flow IRMS systems (CF-IRMS) has solved the problem of inefficient analysis, but does not guarantee the quantitative conversion of organic bound H to H2, resulting in inaccurate measured hydrogen isotope values. In this study, for the hydrogen isotope analysis of coal, an alternative continuous flow system (Cr-EA-IRMS) was used to achieve high precision hydrogen isotope measurements of coal samples by filling a quartz reaction tube with Cr. The results obtained by this method (−121.3 ± 1.1‰) for the reference material (GBW11104) are consistent with those obtained by the conventional method (−121.4 ± 0.6‰). Using this method, hydrogen isotope measurements for a variety of imported coals revealed significant differences in the hydrogen isotopes of coals from different coal producing regions including Russia, South East Asia, and Australia. Therefore, the use of hydrogen isotope testing analysis of coal could be a potential means of tracing the origin of coal.

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“…2017, Feng et al . 2020). Therefore, the EA operating parameters alone cannot explain the nitrogen and carbon differences with the previously published data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre‐treatment Methods for Accurate Determination of Total Nitrogen and Organic Carbon Contents and their Stable Isotopic Compositions: Re‐evaluation from Geological Reference Materials

Fujisaki

Matsui

Ueda

et al. 2021

Geostandard Geoanalytic Res

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This study reports total nitrogen (TN), carbon (TC) and organic carbon (TOC) contents, as well as stable isotopic ratios (δ15NTN, δ13CTC and δ13Corg), from marine, stream and lacustrine geological reference materials (JMs‐1, JMs‐2, SBC‐1, SCo‐2, JSd‐3, JSd‐4 and JLk‐1), which can be classified into two types; modern surface, and ancient, sediments. Using this newly obtained data set, we systematically investigated the biases of three pre‐treatment methods for nitrogen and carbon measurements: (1) non‐acidification (untreated method), (2) HCl acidification in various conditions and subsequent rinsing with high‐purity water repeatedly (rinse method) and (3) in situ acidification in a gold‐coated silver capsule (capsule method). Our results showed that such acid pre‐treatments can affect both nitrogen and carbon measurements, except for the carbon data of the ancient geological RMs. Therefore, the nitrogen analysis should be conducted using untreated samples while carbon data should be obtained using the capsule method for modern surface sediments and the rinse method (6 mol l‐1 HCl acidification at 70 °C) for ancient sediments. We believe that using appropriate pre‐treatment methods is crucial to deriving new interpretations of ancient/modern environmental processes and mechanisms in the future.

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A Refinement of Nitrogen Isotope Analysis of Coal Using Elemental Analyzer/Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry and the Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Compositions of Coals Imported in China

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Carbon and nitrogen isotope characterization of imported coals in South Korea

Carbon and nitrogen isotope characterization of imported coals in South Korea

An Improved Cr-EA-IRMS Method for the Effective Determination of the Hydrogen Isotopes in Coal Samples

Pre‐treatment Methods for Accurate Determination of Total Nitrogen and Organic Carbon Contents and their Stable Isotopic Compositions: Re‐evaluation from Geological Reference Materials

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