A Refractive Index Sensor Based on H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fibers Coated with Ag-Graphene Layers

Li, Tianshu; Zhu, Lianqing; Yang, Xianchao; Lou, Xiaoping; Yu, Liandong

doi:10.3390/s20030741

Cited by 113 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Li et al reported a H-shaped PCF [ 1 ] coated with Ag-graphene layers. The open U-shaped groove structure simplifies the preparation process of the material layer.…”

Section: Results Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of high technology, many effective optical fiber sensing technologies for detecting refractive index have been proposed so far, such as fiber grating and fiber interferometer. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is widely used because of its high sensitivity [ 1 ], high resolution [ 2 ], strong selectivity, wide working wavelength range and other [ 3 ] advantages, especially in gas detection, food safety [ 4 ], biosensor, chemical detection [ 5 , 6 ], environmental monitoring and control, medical [ 7 ] and other fields. There are still some problems for all kinds of common optical fiber SPR sensors, such as mode coupling and complex operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Refractive Index Sensor Coated with Graphene and Zinc Oxide

Han

Shen

Feng

et al. 2020

Sensors

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A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with an uncomplicated structure is proposed to detect the change of refractive index of liquid analytes, and numerical simulation is carried out by the finite element method (FEM). Using silver as the plasmonic metal, the performances of the SPR-PCF sensor coated with a graphene layer and zinc oxide (ZnO) layer were assessed. The sensor designed is only coated with material on the polished surface, which makes the sensor production uncomplicated and solves the problems of filling material in the hole and coating on the hole wall. The effects of structural parameters such as graphene layer thickness, silver layer thickness, ZnO thickness, lattice spacing and manufacturing tolerance of blowhole diameter on the sensor performance were numerically simulated. The numerical results show that the sensitivity of the SPR-PCF sensor coated with 25 nm ZnO is highest in the ZnO thickness range from 10 to 25 nm. In the refractive index range of 1.37–1.41 for liquid analyte, the maximum sensitivity and corresponding resolution reach 6000 nm/RIU and 1.667 × 10−5, respectively. In addition, the sensor has good stability and high structural tolerance under the tolerance of ±5% of blowhole diameter. This work has wide application value in the detection of biochemical analytes, water pollution monitoring, food quality, and medical diagnosis.

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“…Li et al reported a H-shaped PCF [ 1 ] coated with Ag-graphene layers. The open U-shaped groove structure simplifies the preparation process of the material layer.…”

Section: Results Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Refractive Index Sensor Coated with Graphene and Zinc Oxide

Han

Shen

Feng

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…Based on the results of the fitting curve, in this refractive index range there are two slopes which indicate the sensitivity of the biosensor. The first sensitivity was 2770 nm/RIU in the refractive index range from 1.33 to 1.36, and the second sensitivity was 6057 nm/RIU in the refractive index range from 1.36 to 1.41 [ 59 ].…”

Section: Graphene-based Fiber Coupled Spr Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( a ) Schematic of the designed Ag–Graphene coated photonic crystal fiber (PCF)–SPR sensor. ( b ) The relationship between the resonant wavelength and the analyte’s refractive index varies from 1.33 to 1.41 (adapted with permission from Reference [ 59 ], copyright MDPI). …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Graphene-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Biosensors: Current Status and Future Prospects

Nurrohman

Chiu

2021

Nanomaterials

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The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor has become a powerful analytical tool for investigating biomolecular interactions. There are several methods to excite surface plasmon, such as coupling with prisms, fiber optics, grating, nanoparticles, etc. The challenge in developing this type of biosensor is to increase its sensitivity. In relation to this, graphene is one of the materials that is widely studied because of its unique properties. In several studies, this material has been proven theoretically and experimentally to increase the sensitivity of SPR. This paper discusses the current development of a graphene-based SPR biosensor for various excitation methods. The discussion begins with a discussion regarding the properties of graphene in general and its use in biosensors. Simulation and experimental results of several excitation methods are presented. Furthermore, the discussion regarding the SPR biosensor is expanded by providing a review regarding graphene-based Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) biosensor to provide an overview of the development of materials in the biosensor in the future.

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“…When the RI was from 1.40 to 1.43, the sensor had a high linear sensitivity of 3978 nm/RIU. Li et al [ 13 ] recently obtained an H-type PCF surface plasmon resonance sensor that was coated with an Ag-graphene layer. In the linear RI sensing area of 1.33–1.36, this sensor had an average wavelength sensitivity of 2770 nm/RIU and a resolution of 3.61 × 10 −5 RIU.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic Analysis and Structural Design of Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers with Band Gap Cladding Structures

Wan

Zhu

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Due to their flexible structure and excellent optical characteristics hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs) are used in many fields, such as active optical devices, communications, and optical fiber sensing. In this paper, to analyze the characteristics of HC-PCFs, we carried out finite element analysis and analyzed the design for the band gap cladding structure of HC-PCFs. First, the characteristics of HC19-1550 and HC-1550-02 in the C-band were simulated. Subsequently, the structural optimization of the seven-cell HC-1550-02 and variations in characteristics of the optimized HC-1550-02 in the wavelength range 1250–1850 nm were investigated. The simulation results revealed that the optimal number of cladding layers is eight, the optimal core radius is 1.8 times the spacing of adjacent air holes, and the optimal-relative thickness of the core quartz-ring is 2.0. In addition, the low confinement loss bandwidth of the optimized structure is 225 nm. Under the transmission bandwidth of the optimized structure, the core optical power is above 98%, the confinement loss is below 9.0 × 10−3 dB/m, the variation range of the effective mode field area does not exceed 10 μm2, and the relative sensitivity is above 0.9570. The designed sensor exhibits an ultra-high relative sensitivity and almost zero confinement loss, making it highly suitable for high-sensitivity gas or liquid sensing.

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A Refractive Index Sensor Based on H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fibers Coated with Ag-Graphene Layers

Cited by 113 publications

References 31 publications

A D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Refractive Index Sensor Coated with Graphene and Zinc Oxide

A D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Refractive Index Sensor Coated with Graphene and Zinc Oxide

A Review of Graphene-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Biosensors: Current Status and Future Prospects

Characteristic Analysis and Structural Design of Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers with Band Gap Cladding Structures

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