2019
DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab2daa
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A regional assessment of the water embedded in the US electricity system

Abstract: Water consumption from electricity systems can be large, and it varies greatly by region. As electricity systems change, understanding the implications for water demand is important, given differential water availability. This letter presents regional water consumption and consumptive intensities for the United States electric grid by region using a 2014 base year, based on the 26 regions in the Environmental Protection Agency's Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database. Estimates encompass operation… Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…As one example, thermoelectric water use has been reported by two federal agencies, the USGS and the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Estimates of thermoelectric water withdrawals between these agencies are based on different methods have been shown to vary substantially (Peer et al., 2016, 2019; M. A. Harris & Diehl, 2017). In both cases, water use at the power plant level is only provided for individual years or only recent years (post‐2000) and is estimated for only a subset of power plants ( n < 1400 as of 2010).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…As one example, thermoelectric water use has been reported by two federal agencies, the USGS and the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Estimates of thermoelectric water withdrawals between these agencies are based on different methods have been shown to vary substantially (Peer et al., 2016, 2019; M. A. Harris & Diehl, 2017). In both cases, water use at the power plant level is only provided for individual years or only recent years (post‐2000) and is estimated for only a subset of power plants ( n < 1400 as of 2010).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In both cases, water use at the power plant level is only provided for individual years or only recent years (post‐2000) and is estimated for only a subset of power plants ( n < 1400 as of 2010). However, according to the EIA, over 8,000 power plants were operating in the US in 2010, many of which use water for operations besides thermoelectric cooling (Macknick et al., 2011; R. A. M. Peer et al., 2019). Comprehensive historical data on water use for electricity production technologies could prove valuable for modeling, especially evaluating situations of water shortages.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…[ 26 ] Peer and Sanders utilized nationally reported water usage data by power plant operators to develop fuel, prime mover, and cooling technology‐specific water intensities. [ 27 ] Most water intensities for electricity generation in the literature are technology‐specific, derived irrespective of geographic location or regional context (though see a study by Peer et al., [ 28 ] which assesses electricity generation water intensities within US eGRID regions).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Due to the interconnected grid, there can be differences between attributing water footprint at the producer level versus the consumer level. location or regional context (though see a study by Peer et al, [28] which assesses electricity generation water intensities within US eGRID regions).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%