A Regional Model Intercomparison Using a Case of Explosive Oceanic Cyclogenesis

Gyakum, John R.; Carrera, Marco L.; Zhang, Dalin; Miller, S. K.; Caveen, James; Benoit, Robert; Black, Thomas L.; Buzzi, A.; Chouinard, C.; Fantini, Maurizio; Folloni, C.; Katzfey, Jack; Kuo, Ying‐Hwa; Lalaurette, François; Low-Nam, Simon; Mailhot, Jocelyn; Malguzzi, P.; McGregor, John L.; Nakamura, Masaomi; Tripoli, G. J.; Wilson, Clive

doi:10.1175/1520-0434(1996)011<0521:armiua>2.0.co;2

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Unlike primary cyclones, secondary+ cyclones (Figure c) have a tendency to form in the central North Atlantic. There is also a substantial amount of secondary+ cyclogenesis near the coast of North America, which may be related to processes such as coastal frontogenesis (Bosart, ; Nielsen, ; Gyakum et al ., ) or cold air damming. This difference in the genesis density of secondary+ and primary cyclones, with secondary+ cyclones tending to form further downstream, can be understood as follows.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of secondary cyclones and cyclone families for the North Atlantic storm track and clustering over western Europe

Priestley

Dacre

Shaffrey

et al. 2020

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Secondary cyclones are those that form in association with a pre-existing primary cyclone, typically along a trailing cold front. In previously studied cases they have been shown to cause extreme damage across Europe, particularly when multiple cyclones track over the same location in rapid succession (known as cyclone clustering). To determine the dynamical relationship between primary and secondary cyclones over the North Atlantic, a frontal identification algorithm is partnered with a cyclone identification method to objectively identify secondary cyclones in 35 extended winter periods using reanalysis data.Cyclones are grouped into "cyclone families" consisting of a single primary cyclone and one or more secondary cyclones. This paper aims to quantify the differences between secondary and primary cyclones over the North Atlantic, and how cyclone families contribute to episodes of cyclone clustering across western Europe. Secondary cyclones are shown to occur most frequently in the central and eastern North Atlantic, whereas primary cyclones are commonly found over the western North Atlantic. Cyclone families have their strongest presence over the North Atlantic Ocean and contribute more than 50% of cyclones over the main North Atlantic storm track. A final category, solo cyclones, which are not associated with cyclogenesis on any connected fronts, are most commonly identified over continental regions as well as the Mediterranean Sea. Primary cyclones are associated with the development of an environment that is favourable for secondary cyclone growth. Enhanced Rossby wave breaking following primary cyclone development leads to an increase in the upper-level jet speed and a decrease in low-level stability. Secondary cyclogenesis commonly occurs in this region of anomalously low stability, close to the European continent. During periods of cyclone clustering, secondary cyclones are responsible for approximately 50% of the total number of cyclones. The increase in jet speed This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of secondary cyclones and cyclone families for the North Atlantic storm track and clustering over western Europe

Priestley

Dacre

Shaffrey

et al. 2020

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…2.) A typical S1 score for a short-term forecast ranges between 20 and 40 and tends to decrease with height (Gyakum et al 1996). For the initial period of 8-11 March, this score remains between 20 and 30, which indicates that this event may have been unusually predictable.…”

Section: Fig 2 Model Integration Domain (Fullmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Case Study of Downstream Baroclinic Development over the North Pacific Ocean. Part I: Dynamical Impacts

Danielson

Gyakum

Straub

2006

Monthly Weather Review

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The impact of eddy energy growth and radiation from a western North Pacific cyclone on the intensity of an eastern North Pacific cyclone a few days later is examined. Associated with the western cyclone is an upstream ridge and trough couplet, initially over Siberia on 8 March 1977. The amplitude of this couplet is perturbed in 5-day numerical simulations of the two marine cyclones. Balanced initial conditions are created by potential vorticity inversion. The magnitude of the upper-level couplet governs much of the subsequent growth of eddy energy in the western cyclone as well as the propagation of eddy energy between the two cyclones. This culminates in measurable changes in the maximum intensity of the eastern surface cyclone. The broader question of the sensitivity of this cyclone to upstream perturbations is also briefly addressed.

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“…As 00h da simulação (Figura Neto, 1996;Rocha, 2000), assim como de vários outros modelos regionais estudados por Gyakum et al (1996). Estes estudos não abordaram os motivos para as tendências sistemáticas apresentadas pelos modelos regionais, mas Gyakum et al (1996) (Figura 2d).…”

Section: Experimento De Controleunclassified

Papel dos fluxos de calor latente e sensível em superfície associado a um caso de ciclogênese na Costa Leste da América do Sul

Piva

Moscati

Gan

2008

Rev. bras. meteorol.

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RESUMONeste estudo foram realizados experimentos numéricos com um modelo meteorológico regional a fim de verificar o impacto dos Fluxos de Calor Latente (FCL) e Calor Sensível (FCS) em superfície no desenvolvimento de um ciclone intenso ocorrido sobre a costa leste da região sudeste da América do Sul, entre os dias 24 e 26 de julho de 1998. A taxa de intensificação do ciclone foi reduzida em 6 hPa/24 h no experimento em que os FCL e FCS estavam ausentes. Verificou-se que a ausência do FCL apresentou maior impacto do que a ausência do FCS, fazendo com que a taxa de intensificação fosse reduzida em 6 hPa/24 h para o experimento sem FCL e permanecesse inalterada sem FCS, mas neste último a isóbara de menor valor no centro do ciclone ocupou uma área menor. A ausência dos FCL e FCS em superfície gerou uma camada mais seca e mais fria próxima à superfície oceânica, reduzindo a instabilidade potencial do ambiente e diminuindo a intensificação do ciclone. Concluiu-se, portanto que os FCL e FCS em superfície foram importantes antes da fase de mais rápido desenvolvimento do ciclone, agindo no sentido de preparar o ambiente para uma ciclogênese mais intensa, através do fornecimento de energia e umidade para a baixa troposfera. Na fase de mais rápido desenvolvimento, a energia e a umidade disponíveis nas camadas mais baixas da atmosfera (inseridos na fase anterior) também foram importantes, permitindo ao ciclone se desenvolver mais intensamente do que ocorreria em um ambiente mais seco e menos instável termicamente. Palavras-Chave: ciclogênese, fluxos de calor em superfície, modelo regional. ABSTRACT: ROLE OF SURFACE LATENT AND SENSIBLE HEAT FLUXES ASSOCIATED TO A SOUTH AMERICA EAST COAST CYCLOGENESIS CASENumeric experiments were run with meteorological regional model with the purpose to verify the impact of both latent and sensible surface heat fluxes (FCL and FCS, respectively) during the development of an intense east cost cyclone over southeastern region of South America from 24 to 26 July, 1998. The intensification rate of the cyclone was reduced by 6 hPa/24 h in the experiment where the FCL and FCS were absents. It was also verified that the absence of FCL presented more impact than without FCS. The intensification rate was reduced by 6 hPa/24h in the experiment without FCL and became unaltered in the experiment without FCS, but in the later the isobar with minimum value around the cyclone center occupied a smaller area. The absence of the FCL and FCS generated a drier and colder layer near the oceanic surface, reducing the environmental potential instability and decreasing the cyclone intensification. With these results it is possible to conclude that the FCL and FCS were important before the phase of most rapid cyclone development, preparing the environment to a more intense cyclogenesis, supplying both energy and moisture to the lower troposphere. In the phase of the most rapid development, the available energy and moisture (inserted in the previous phase) in the lower levels were also important, allowing the cyclo...

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A Regional Model Intercomparison Using a Case of Explosive Oceanic Cyclogenesis

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

The role of secondary cyclones and cyclone families for the North Atlantic storm track and clustering over western Europe

The role of secondary cyclones and cyclone families for the North Atlantic storm track and clustering over western Europe

A Case Study of Downstream Baroclinic Development over the North Pacific Ocean. Part I: Dynamical Impacts

Papel dos fluxos de calor latente e sensível em superfície associado a um caso de ciclogênese na Costa Leste da América do Sul

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