A Relação Entre a Composição Setorial Da Renda E Sua Distribuição Funcional: O Caso Brasileiro No Periodo Recente

Abstract

RESUMOEste trabalho tem como objetivo buscar evidencias que associem a evolução da participação das rendas do trabalho na economia às transformações registradas na estrutura produtiva brasileira durante o período 1995-2009. Para isto, foi realizada uma decomposição da variação da parcela do trabalho na renda agregada entre 1995 e 2009 em cinco efeitos: dois efeitos que mediram a influência da mudança da composição setorial do valor agregado e três efeitos causados por variações intrassetoriais no emprego e salário. Os resultados apontaram que houve uma importante contribuição dos efeitos relacionados à mudança estrutural para a evolução da participação das rendas do trabalho na economia. ABSTRACTThis paper aims to look for empirical evidence about the association between the evolution of the labor share with the evolution of the Brazilian productive structure along the period 1995-2009. To do that, the labor share was decomposed in five effects. Two of them measured the influence of the changes in industrial composition of the added value. The other three effects are related to the observed changes in industrial employment and wages. Results pointed to that there was a non depreciable effect of structural change to the evolution of the labor share in the national income (gross domestic product). PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Distribuição funcional da renda; Parcelas do trabalho; Mudança estrutural; Brasil.

Essays on the dynamics of the Brazilian distributive conflict (2000-2020)

“…After an initial period of economic volatility, from 2000 to 2003, in which the four shares swung up and down, economic growth accelerates and wage pressure starts to build up (as can be seen in the rise of the employees' compensation share, in Table 5). First, given the high level of unemployment, the pressure stemmed mainly from policy (especially, increases in the minimum wage) and sectoral dynamics (growth being concentrated in economic activities with above-average wage shares) (Dias & Ruiz, 2016, Martins, 2017; for an interpretation of these sectoral dynamics, see Rugitsky, 2017, and Loureiro, 2020. Later, in the recovery from the global financial crisis that broke out in 2008, actual tightening of the labour market starts to be observed, along with rising strike activity (Medeiros, 2015: chap.…”

“…Studies about the functional distribution of income in Brazil, focused on the last two decades, tend to emphasise how distribution shifted in favour of the workers during the government of the Workers' Party (Serrano & Summa, 2012;Dias & Ruiz, 2016;Rugitsky, 2017;Saramago et al, 2018). Without dismissing the important redistribution efforts undertaken in the period, the present research paints a different picture: an inclusive growth strategy that eases access to credit and stimulates the diffusion of financial services may end up redistributing income to the rentiers rather than to the workers.…”

“…This last cycle, however, counted on a falling profit share mostly attributed to the decline in the unemployment rate and the increase in real wages above labour productivity (Marquetti et al, 2020). The rise in the wage share during the structuring phase (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009) was related to a composition effect: the increasing participation of labour-intensive sectors (wholesale, retail) in the total value added in the economy (Dias & Ruiz, 2016;Rugitsky, 2017). At that time, it did not pressure profitability because of the increase in the utilization capacity, which compensated for the fall in the profit share (Martins & Rugitsky, 2021).…”

“…The empirical effort undertaken effectively provides a way to assess an expanded functional distribution of income and, thus, contributes as well to the literature that has been empirically analysing the Brazilian distributive conflict (Serrano & Summa, 2012;Dias & Ruiz, 2016;Rugitsky, 2017;Saramago, Freitas & Medeiros., 2018). The estimate presented here informs, in contrast to previous research, that the wage share of incomewhen net of interest paymentshas fallen almost continuously between 2001 and 2011.…”