A replacement of plant protein sources as an alternative of fish meal ingredient for African catfish, Clarias gariepinus: A review

Abstract

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. This industry supplies half of thefisheries products consumed annually, and future global demand can only be supplied by increasingaquaculture production, which, in turn, requires more aquafeed. Alternative ingredients must beincreasingly used to supply significant proportions of protein and energy in aquafeeds, creatingboth challenges and opportunities for researchers and industry. Nowadays, there are too manyresearches on fish disease, growth and health but less in a fish feed especially a replacement ofprotein from plant sources in the fish feed. One of the alternative ways to optimise the growth andhealth condition of the fish is provide them a good protein from plant as a replacement in fish mealwith the natural source protein instead of giving a good rearing condition and caring of the fish.The present article was constructed to highlight a replacement of plant protein sources as analternative of fish meal for fish feed in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus that has been done byresearchers. However, the application of replacement from plant protein sources in fish meal is nowgradually gaining importance in commercial aquaculture practices and opened the door for theresearchers to expend of this application, thus more detailed studies on molecular basis should belooked as to get the quality and enough nutrient fish feed for good production of aquacultureindustry.

Effect of Goat Weed Leaf Meal (Ageratum conyzoides) as a Partial Dietary Replacement for Maize in the diet of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Juveniles

“…As the impact of climate change continues to be unfavourable to the production of these essential ingredients, there is a need to consider alternative, sustainable, available and cheaper sources that are not readily competing for by livestock and humans. The use of plant protein sources as an alternative to expensive ingredients in the diets of most cultured sh species, especially African cat sh, has been adopted as an effective and e cient alternative feed ingredient (Nwachi and Irabor 2015; Kari et al 2020;Irabor et al 2021a;2022a).…”

Implementation of Food Safety Management System FSMS (ISO 22000) in Cold Smoked Herring (Clupea harengus) Factory at AL-GHARBIA Governorate

“…Herring fish is careful an excellent food of high-grade protein; due to containing minerals, vitamins, protein and fat (Kari et al, 2020). Besides, it has a high level of polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) that aids in lowering cardiovascular diseases in individuals (Mishra, 2020).…”