“…Urinary pregnanediol excretion in late pregnancy has been used for many years as an index of placental function (Coyle, Mitchell, and Russell, 1956;Russell, Paine, Coyle, and Dewhurst, 1958;Shearman, 1959). These workers used the method of Klopper et al (1955) which can be adopted for routine laboratory use but it is expensive in chemicals, requires skilled technical handling, and is time consuming.…”