A Rescue Radar System for the Detection of Victims Trapped Under Rubble Based on the Independent Component Analysis Algorithm

Donelli, Massimo

doi:10.2528/pierm11061206

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Several researches in [2,4,19,20] have confirmed on the basis of Statistical Hypothesis Testing and numerical experiments that the multi-frequency imaging function (11) is an improved version of the single-frequency version (10). The reason for this is discussed as follows.…”

Section: Reason Behind Enhancement In the Imaging Performance By Applmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Structure Analysis of Single- And 2 Multi-Frequency Subspace Migrations in 3 Inverse Scattering Problems

Jo¹,

Kwon²,

Huh³

et al. 2013

PIER

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Abstract-We carefully investigate the structure of single-and multifrequency imaging functions, that are usually employed in inverse scattering problems. Based on patterns of the singular vectors of the Multi-Static Response (MSR) matrix, we establish a relationship between imaging functions and the Bessel function. This relationship indicates certain properties of imaging functions and the reason behind enhancement in the imaging performance by multiple frequencies. Several numerical simulations with a large amount of noisy data are performed in order to support our investigation.

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Section: Reason Behind Enhancement In the Imaging Performance By Applmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In research fields such as physics, medical science, and materials engineering, this is an interesting and important problem. Related works can be found in [2,7,[9][10][11]32] and references therein. In order to solve this problem, various algorithms for finding the locations and/or shapes of targets have been accordingly developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Analysis of Single- And 2 Multi-Frequency Subspace Migrations in 3 Inverse Scattering Problems

Jo¹,

Kwon²,

Huh³

et al. 2013

PIER

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“…Cascaded Haar classifiers (Viola et al,2001) were successfully applied in Gaszczak et al(2011) for real-time detection on UAV imagery humans and cars. Donelli (2011) detected living humans trapped under rubble (usinf light-weight microwave life detector based on compact X-band radar that was installed on a small quadcopter. This work introduced the independent component analysis algorithm successfully detects breathing and heartbeat rates through 15 cm rubble.…”

Section: State-of-the-art Geospatial Data Acquisition and Processing mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of Inexpensive Thermal Sensors and Small Uas Deployment for Living Human Detection in Rescue Missions Application Scenarios

Levin

Zarnowski

McCarty

et al. 2016

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Significant efforts are invested by rescue agencies worldwide to save human lives during natural and man-made emergency situations including those that happen in wilderness locations. These emergency situations include but not limited to: accidents with alpinists, mountainous skiers, people hiking and lost in remote areas. Sometimes in a rescue operation hundreds of first responders are involved to save a single human life. There are two critical issues where geospatial imaging can be a very useful asset in rescue operations support: 1) human detection and 2) confirming a fact that detected a human being is alive. International group of researchers from the Unites States and Poland collaborated on a pilot research project devoted to identify a feasibility of use for the human detection and alive-human state confirmation small unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs) and inexpensive forward looking infrared (FLIR) sensors. Equipment price for both research teams was below $8,000 including 3DR quadrotor UAV and Lepton longwave infrared (LWIR) imager which costs around $250 (for the US team); DJI Inspire 1 UAS with commercial Tamarisc-320 thermal camera (for the Polish team). Specifically both collaborating groups performed independent experiments in the USA and Poland and shared imaging data of on the ground and airborne electro-optical and FLIR sensor imaging collected. In these experiments dead bodies were emulated by use of medical training dummies. Real humans were placed nearby as live human subjects. Electro-optical imagery was used for the research in optimal human detection algorithms. Furthermore, given the fact that a dead human body after several hours has a temperature of the surrounding environment our experiments were challenged by the SUAS data optimization, i.e., distance from SUAV to object so that the FLIR sensor is still capable to distinguish temperature differences between a dummy and a real human. Our experiments indicated feasibility of use SUAVs and small thermal sensors for the human detection scenarios described above. Differences in temperatures were collected by deployed imaging acquisition platform are interpretable on FLIR images visually. Moreover, we applied ENVI image processing functions for calibration and numerical estimations of such a temperature differences. There are more potential system functionalities such as voice messages from rescue teams and even distant medication delivery for the victims of described emergencies. This paper describes experiments, processing results, and future research in more details.

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“…It shows promise in diverse applications in addition to phased array radar. The LTCC tile with vertical RF feed is quite suitable for smart antenna use [6,7], and the low weight feature allows it to be mounted on small UAV for agile missions [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overall LTCC Package Solution for X-Band Tile T/R Module

Yu¹,

Zheng²,

Deng³

et al. 2013

PIER Letters

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Abstract-An overall Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC) package solution for X-band T/R module has been presented in this paper. This tile type package contributes to a dramatic reduction in size and weight of the T/R module. Moreover, an obvious merit of ceramic housing is better consistency of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE), compared with the traditional combination of ceramic board and metal housing. The schematic diagram and 3-D structure of the T/R module have been presented and a novel vertical interconnection based on Ball Grid Array (BGA) has been proposed to connect vias in the lid and those in the stage of the main LTCC pan. The LTCC T/R module has been fabricated and measured. It is compact in size (20 × 20 × 2.6 mm 3 ) and has a weight of 3.5 g. The measured transmit output power is 33 ± 1 dBm in the frequency range from 8.8 GHz to 10.4 GHz, and the measured receive gain and Noise Figure are 29-30.5 dB and 2.6-2.8 dB, respectively.

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A Rescue Radar System for the Detection of Victims Trapped Under Rubble Based on the Independent Component Analysis Algorithm

Cited by 47 publications

References 15 publications

Structure Analysis of Single- And 2 Multi-Frequency Subspace Migrations in 3 Inverse Scattering Problems

Structure Analysis of Single- And 2 Multi-Frequency Subspace Migrations in 3 Inverse Scattering Problems

Feasibility Study of Inexpensive Thermal Sensors and Small Uas Deployment for Living Human Detection in Rescue Missions Application Scenarios

An Overall LTCC Package Solution for X-Band Tile T/R Module

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