A Retrospective Analysis of Neonatal Encephalocele Predisposing Factors and Outcomes

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluates the predisposing factors and outcomes of surgical management of encephaloceles at our institution. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 32 occipital encephaloceles managed operatively at the Neurosurgery Department Clinics of the Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, was performed between 2011 and 2015. Results: Among the study population, 19 mothers had been exposed to TORCH infections (toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus), 18 were in consanguineous marriages, and 3 had regular prenatal screening. Associated congenital anomalies were common. Eight infants required reoperation, and 9 died during follow-up. Conclusions: The study identified key areas for prevention. Knowledge of the intracranial and associated anomalies can guide management.

Surgical correction of a meningoencephalocele in a thoroughbred filly

“…The contents can be described as meningocele when only meninges are protruding; meningoencephalocele when both meninges and cerebral tissue are protruding; and meningoencephalocystocele when meninges, brain, and ventricle are protruding . In the human literature, the most broadly defined locations are occipital, basal, and anterior . In man, the prevalence of these types varies by geography, with anterior encephaloceles predominating in Southeast Asia and posterior encephaloceles predominating in developed countries .…”

“…6 In the human literature, the most broadly defined locations are occipital, basal, and anterior. 3,[6][7][8] In man, the prevalence of these types varies by geography, with anterior encephaloceles predominating in Southeast Asia and posterior encephaloceles predominating in developed countries. 9 Advanced imaging is required to differentiate between the types.…”

“Cable suturing technique” a dural obliteration method for the prevention of cerebellar herniation through a large occipital meningocele

“…Encephalocele (also known as cranium bifidum) is considered as incomplete cranial neuropore closure during neural tube formation (day 24 gestational age) where intracranial structure herniates outside skull confines,[123456] including brain tissues, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). [578]…”

Encefalocele bilobulado frontal

“…El polimorfismo es un factor de riesgo genético para encefalocele. Indudablemente existe evidencia de mutaciones genéticas que podrían influir en la migración ciliar y generar encefalocele, generalmente asociado a otras morbilidades como Sindrome de Meckel-Gruber, caracterizado por herencia autosómica recesiva, encefalocele occipital, polidactilia, fibrosis hepática y riñones poliquísticos 7 , 10,11 .…”