A Retrospective Review of Pediatric Patients With Epididymitis, Testicular Torsion, and Torsion of Testicular Appendages

Abstract

The physical examination is helpful in distinguishing among epididymitis, testicular torsion, and torsion of appendix testis. Patients presenting with a tender testicle and an absent cremasteric reflex were more likely to have a testicular torsion rather than epididymitis or torsion of appendix testis. An absent cremasteric reflex was the most sensitive physical finding for diagnosing testicular torsion. Color Doppler ultrasound is a useful adjunct in the evaluation of the acute scrotum when physical findings are equivocal.

Treatment of acute scrotum in children: 5 years' experience

“…[1][2][3]7] Various incidences have been reported regarding the etiology of pediatric acute scrotum. [1][2][3] The true incidence of these causes in acute scrotum is unclear, but EO is thought to be uncommon. [8] There were a total of 19993 admissions in the study period, giving an overall acute scrotum incidence of 0.25% in our department.…”

“…There are myriad etiologies for this syndrome, including torsion of the testis (TT), torsion of the testicular appendix (TTA), epididymo-orchitis (EO), and strangulated inguinoscrotal hernia (SIH). [1][2][3] General belief is that EO is rare in children and associated with structural anomalies of the urinary tract. [4][5][6] The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of various causes in patients with acute scrotal conditions who admitted to our clinic.…”

A review of ultrasound imaging in scrotal emergencies

“…The pedunculated nature of the appendix testis leaves it prone to torsion. The clinical history may be identical to torsion of the spermatic cord; however, classically the examination findings describe a superiorly located ''blue spot'', an uncommon finding seen in only 23 % of cases [15]. Sonographic appearances are variable with reports suggesting an enlarged appendix testis ([5.6 mm) with an absence of colour Doppler signal characteristic [16,17] (Fig.…”

Escroto agudo

“…A anomalia mais freqüente encontrada de suspensão testicular é chamada deformidade em badalo de sino, onde, a túnica vaginal, com inserção alta, envolve completamente o testículo, podendo chegar até o canal inguinal, favorecendo a instabilidade do testículo, também pode ter uma separação completa ou incompleta do epidídimo pelo mesórquio, favorecendo a torção nesse local 1,3 .…”

“…Consiste em estimular a parte interna da coxa, obtendo como resposta positiva, a elevação do testículo, por causa da contração do músculo cremáster. A presença do refl exo cremastérico exclui a hipótese de torção do testículo 1,2,3 .…”