A retrospective study of late adverse events in proton beam therapy for prostate cancer

Makishima, Hirokazu; Ishikawa, Hitoshi; Tanaka, Keiichi; Mori, Yoki; Mizumoto, Masashi; Ohnishi, Kayoko; Aihara, Teruhito; Fukumitsu, Nobuyoshi; Okumura, Toshiyuki; Sakurai, Hideyuki

doi:10.3892/mco.2017.1372

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The early treatments of PCa include surgical treatment, androgen blockade and radiotherapy, but most patients still suffered from recurred tumors which will destroy the bone marrow and lead to death ( 11 ). Therefore, it is urgent to identify the molecular mechanisms to confirm potential effective therapeutic targets for improving patient survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of prognostic biomarkers of prostate cancer with long non-coding RNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA network

Guo

Xing

et al. 2019

Exp Ther Med

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Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed male cancer, and no treatments exist for effective inhibition of metastatic spread of PCa. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays key roles in pathogenesis and development of various cancers through competing with endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), but at present research on lncRNA functions in PCa is still very limited. Hence, this aspect was investigated using bioinformatics methods. Firstly, the functional lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network associated with PCa was constructed by the multi-step computational approach. Then the cytoscape software was used to analyze the node degree and betweenness centrality (BC) value of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the interaction. Finally, the lncRNAs were screened in the central region of the network by the node degree and BC value, and the functional enrichment of mRNAs was evaluated with the Gene Ontology (GO) database. In our results, LINC00476, MALAT1, SNHG11, LINC00649, and ILF3-AS1 are the lncRNAs which have the most nodes and higher BC values and considered as prognostic markers in PCa. GO analysis suggested that the function of screened lncRNAs was obviously focused on intracellular receptor signaling pathway, which indicated these lncRNAs might be potential biomarkers for diagnosis, evaluation and gene-targeted therapy of PCa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of prognostic biomarkers of prostate cancer with long non-coding RNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA network

Guo

Xing

et al. 2019

Exp Ther Med

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“…Late grade 2 GI rectal bleeding was also observed in four patients. Analysis in this study showed that the use of anticoagulants is a positive prognostic factor for the development of GI toxicity [9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study conducted by Fiorino et al, the risk of experiencing ≥grade 2 GI and GU is about 5%–20% [8]. With the materialization of image guided radiotherapy (IGRT), 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), the risk of toxicity on the organs at risk (OAR), namely the bladder, rectum, and seminal vesicle were decreased to 5%–10% [9]. The use of proton beams in radiation therapy further reduces this probability with its characteristic Bragg peak, where protons halt at a determined depth, analogous to its energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Literature Review of Proton Beam Therapy for Prostate Cancer in Japan

Hoshina

Matsuura

Umegaki

et al. 2019

JCM

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Aim: Patients of proton beam therapy (PBT) for prostate cancer had been continuously growing in number due to its promising characteristics of high dose distribution in the tumor target and a sharp distal fall-off. Considering the large number of proton beam facilities in Japan, the further increase of patients undergoing this treatment is due to the emendations by Japanese National Health Insurance (NHI) and the development of medical equipment and technology, it is necessary to know what kind of research and advancements has been done on proton therapy for prostate cancer in the country. For these reasons, this literature review was conducted. The aim of this review is to identify and discuss research studies of proton beam therapy for prostate cancer in Japan. These include observational, interventional, and secondary data analysis of published articles. Method: A literature review on published works related to proton beam therapy for prostate cancer in Japan was conducted using articles that were gathered in the PubMed database of June 2018. We went through abstracts and manuscripts written in English with the keywords ‘proton beam therapy’, ‘prostate cancer’, and ‘Japan’. Results: A total of 23 articles were included. Fourteen articles were observational studies, most of which focused on the adverse effects of Proton Beam Therapy (PBT). Seven articles were interventional studies related on treatment planning, equipment parts, as well as target positioning. Two were secondary data analysis. The included studies were published in 13 different journals by different institutions using various equipment. Conclusion: Despite the favorable results of proton beam therapy, future research should include more patients and longer follow-up schedules to clarify the definitive role of PBT, yet, up to recent retrospective studies, included in this paper, concluded that PBT can be a suitable treatment option for localized prostate cancer. In addition, interventional studies were conducted by several institutions to further embellish proton therapy.

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“…The energy of 6‐MV, 10‐MV, 15‐MV, and 18‐MV was employed for X‐ray beams, and that of 250 MeV and 400 MeV/nucleon for proton and carbon‐ion beams respectively. A prescribed dose of 78 Gy/39 fr, 78 Gy(RBE)/39 fr, and 66 Gy(RBE)/20 fr was assumed in the use of X‐ray, proton, and carbon‐ion beams, respectively, where the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) was assumed to be 1.1 and 2.36 for proton and carbon‐ion, respectively. In the simulation, a distance of 50 cm ( Y = 50 cm in superior‐inferior (SI) direction) was assumed from the center of the irradiation field to a CIED, where the IEC patient coordinate system was employed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of radiation‐induced malfunction for cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs)

Matsubara¹,

Ezura²,

Hashimoto³

et al. 2020

Medical Physics

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Purpose Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) were believed to possess a tolerance dose to malfunction during radiotherapy. Although recent studies have qualitatively suggested neutrons as a cause of malfunction, numerical understanding has not been reached. The purpose of this work is to quantitatively clarify the contribution of secondary neutrons from out‐of‐field irradiation to the malfunction of CIEDs as well as to deduce the frequency of malfunctions until completion of prostate cancer treatment as a typical case. Materials and Methods Measured data were gathered from the literature and were re‐analyzed. Firstly, linear relationship for a number of malfunctions to the neutron dose was suggested by theoretical consideration. Secondly, the accumulated number of malfunctions of CIEDs gathered from the literature was compared with the prescribed dose, scattered photon dose, and secondary neutron dose for analysis of their correlation. Thirdly, the number of malfunctions during a course of prostate treatment with high‐energy X‐ray, passive proton, and passive carbon‐ion beams was calculated while assuming the same response to malfunctions, where X‐rays consisted of 6‐MV, 10‐MV, 15‐MV, and 18‐MV beams. Monte Carlo simulation assuming simple geometry was performed for the distribution of neutron dose from X‐ray beams, where normalization factors were applied to the distribution so as to reproduce the empirical values. Results Linearity between risk and neutron dose was clearly found from the measured data, as suggested by theoretical consideration. The predicted number of malfunctions until treatment completion was 0, 0.02 ± 0.01, 0.30 ± 0.08, 0.65 ± 0.17, 0.88 ± 0.50, and 0.14 ± 0.04 when 6‐MV, 10‐MV, 15‐MV, 18‐MV, passive proton, and passive carbon‐ion beams, respectively, were employed, where the single model response to a malfunction of 8.6 ± 2.1 Sv−1 was applied. Conclusions Numerical understanding of the malfunction of CIEDs has been attained for the first time. It has been clarified that neutron dose is a good scale for the risk of CIEDs in radiotherapy. Prediction of the frequency of malfunction as well as discussion of the risk to CIEDs in radiotherapy among the multiple modalities have become possible. Because the present study quantitatively clarifies the neutron contribution to malfunction, revision of clinical guidelines is suggested.

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A retrospective study of late adverse events in proton beam therapy for prostate cancer

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Identification of prognostic biomarkers of prostate cancer with long non-coding RNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA network

Identification of prognostic biomarkers of prostate cancer with long non-coding RNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA network

A Literature Review of Proton Beam Therapy for Prostate Cancer in Japan

Prediction of radiation‐induced malfunction for cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs)

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