A Retrospective Study on the Pyogenic Pathogens and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns along with the ES<i>β</i>L Production

Abstract

Pyogenic infections are caused by various pathogens leading to pus formation and that can be attributed due to a wound either through accident or during surgery leading to infection spread. There are pathogenic strains that are not uncommon in hospital settings like Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter etc., that are multidrug resistant (MDR) and are a cause of concern. The bacteriological profile in the pyogenic infections tends to be same but there is a vast difference with the antibiotic resistant patterns in different hospital settings. Hence, the aim was to study the antibiotic susceptibility profiles and Extended spectrum βeta Lactamases (ESβL) production in these pathogens. A prospective study was carried out in Silchar Medical College and Hospital Assam, India, over a four-month period from February to May 2021. The samples were processed using Blood and MacConkey's agar. Further, these isolated pathogens were identified by standard morphological, cultural and biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and ESβL production was detected by using combined disk diffusion test. It was observed that the identified pathogens had an incidence rate of 84.2% and further revealed that Gram negative had a higher incidence rate compared to Gram positive with 59.8%. The pathogens isolated from pus samples had a maximum of Klebsiella sps (19.64%) and the lowest was E. coli with 5.36%. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) of Gram-negative bacterial isolates showed the highest incidence with aztreonam (40.6%) and the lowest was observed in Piperacillin/Tazobactam with 7.5%. The only Gram positive

Profil Bakteri Penginfeksi Pus Pada Luka Di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Rsud Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Periode Bulan Januari-Juni Tahun 2023

“…Bakteri yang paling umum menginfeksi pus pada luka adalah Staphylococcus aureus dan bakteri Gram-negatif lainnya seperti Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter yang bersifat multidrug resisten (MDR) (Chakraborty et al, 2021). Untuk bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang multidrugs resistance dikenal sebagai MRSA (Metisilin Resisten S. aureus) umumnya bakteri ini resisten terhadap antibiotik golongan betalaktam, kemudian dikenal juga Extended Betalactamase (ESBL) umumnya adalah bakteri Gram negatif.…”

Role of Antimicrobial Drug in the Development of Potential Therapeutics

“…The cause of MDR in microbes is due to the mutation factor and by the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between and within the species [ 13 ]. It has been observed that there is a rapid and broadly increased dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes through HGT, especially in Enterobacteriaceae family such as encoding β -lactamases that includes extended spectrum β -lactamases and the metallo- β -lactamases (ESBLs and MBLs, respectively) [ 14 , 15 ], and it is a serious matter of concern that has reached pandemic proportions in healthcare settings worldwide [ 16 , 17 ]. These β- lactamases acquired pathogens have evolved as MDR strains, thus limiting to help in treating the infectious diseases, and in worst cases, the bacterial resistance to carbapenems has left us with treatment options using older and more toxic drugs like colistin [ 18 ].…”