A review and new insights to antimicrobial action of local anesthetics

Razavi, Bibi Marjan; Bazzaz, Bibi Sedigheh Fazly

doi:10.1007/s10096-018-03460-4

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…When the studies in the literature are analysed, it can be seen that LAs have a wide antimicrobial effect spectrum, yet P. aeruginosa is resistant to LAs . In line with the literature, it was detected in our study that prilocaine and bupivacaine did not have an antimicrobial effect on P. aeruginosa .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In line with the literature, it was detected in our study that prilocaine and bupivacaine did not have an antimicrobial effect on P. aeruginosa . However, in the literature, some local anaesthetics are seen to have an antimicrobial effect on P. aeruginosa by synergistic effect when combined with vasoactive agents . These results demonstrate that combining vasoactive agents and LAs might contribute to decreasing the dosage of LAs and minimising the infection complications by expanding the antibacterial spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…There are in vivo and in vitro studies in the literature which indicate that LAs have a broad potential of antimicrobial effect besides their capability in pain management . However, discussions on the antimicrobial effect potential of the LAs are still relevant as the results of these studies differ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This leads to increased treatment costs, morbidity, and mortality . Bupivacaine is also used as an epidural infusion for postoperative pain management and labour analgesia . Microorganisms most sensitive to bupivacaine are Staphylococcus , enterobacter , E. coli , and Proteus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial inhibition efficiency of prilocaine and bupivacaine

Kesi̇ci̇¹,

Demırci

Kesici

2019

International Wound Journal

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This study aimed to demonstrate the antibacterial effects of bupivacaine and prilocaine on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In our study, the in vitro antimicrobial effects of 20 mg/mL prilocaine and 5 mg/mL bupivacaine were tested against a S. aureus American‐type culture collection (ATCC) 29213, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and E. coli ATCC 25922, divided into Group P (Prilocaine) and Group B (Bupivacaine), respectively. S. aureus ATCC 29213, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and E. coli ATCC 25922 were cultured on Mueller Hinton agar (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) plates for 18 to 24 hours at 37°C. In terms of inhibition zone diameters, inhibition of S. aureus ATCC 29213 was observed in both groups at the 12th and 24th hours. The 12th‐ and 24th‐hour S. aureus ATCC 29213 value was significantly higher in Group P compared with Group B (P = .008). At the 12th and 24th hours, inhibition of E. coli ATCC 25922 was observed in both groups. The 12th‐ and 24th‐hour E. coli ATCC 25922 value was significantly higher in Group P compared with Group B (P = .008). In our study, it was seen that prilocaine and bupivacaine had an antimicrobial effect on S. aureus and E. coli. In the comparison between these two local anesthetics (LAs), this effect was found to be significantly higher in prilocaine than bupivacaine. Therefore, we are of the opinion that antimicrobial effect potentials should also be taken into account in the selection of an LA agent in order to prevent the complications of an infection that might develop during LA infiltration and might lead to serious morbidity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial inhibition efficiency of prilocaine and bupivacaine

Kesi̇ci̇¹,

Demırci

Kesici

2019

International Wound Journal

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“…Escherichia coli, Ps. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be less sensitive to lidocaine [8]. Candida albicans also belongs to the antimicrobial spectrum of lidocaine [3].…”

Section: Local Anaestheticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Properties on Non-Antibiotic Drugs in the Era of Increased Bacterial Resistance

et al. 2020

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In recent years, due to the dramatic increase in and global spread of bacterial resistance to a number of commonly used antibacterial agents, many studies have been directed at investigating drugs whose primary therapeutic purpose is not antimicrobial action. In an era where it is becoming increasingly difficult to find new antimicrobial drugs, it is important to understand these antimicrobial effects and their potential clinical implications. Numerous studies report the antibacterial activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local anaesthetics, phenothiazines such as chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, promethazine, trifluoperazine, methdilazine and thioridazine, antidepressants, antiplatelets and statins. Several studies have explored a possible protective effect of statins inreducing the morbidity and mortality of many infectious diseases. Various non-antibiotic agents exhibit antimicrobial activity via multiple and different mechanisms of action. Further studies are required in the field to further investigate these antimicrobial properties in different populations. This is of paramount importance in the antimicrobial resistance era, where clinicians have limited therapeutic options to combat problematic infections.

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In vitro evaluation of loaded chitosan membranes for pain relief and infection prevention

et al. 2021

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Wounds resulting from surgeries, implantation of medical devices, and musculoskeletal trauma result in pain and can also result in infection of damaged tissue. Up to 80% of these infections are due to biofilm formation either on the surface of implanted devices or on surrounding wounded tissue. Bacteria within a biofilm have intrinsic growth and development characteristics that allow them to withstand up to 1,000 times the minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotics, demonstrating the need for new therapeutics to prevent and treat these infections. Cis‐2‐decenoic acid (C2DA) is known to disperse preformed biofilms and can prevent biofilm formation entirely for some strains of bacteria. Additionally, local anesthetics like bupivacaine have been shown to have antimicrobial effects against multiple bacterial strains. This study sought to evaluate hexanoic acid‐treated electrospun chitosan membranes (HA‐ESCM) as wound dressings that release C2DA and bupivacaine to simultaneously prevent infection and alleviate pain associated with musculoskeletal trauma. Release profiles of both therapeutics were evaluated, and membranes were tested in vitro against Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to determine efficacy in preventing biofilm infection and bacterial growth. Results indicate that membranes release both therapeutics for 72 hr, and release profile can be tailored by loading concentration. Membranes were effective in preventing biofilm growth but were toxic to fibroblasts when loaded with 2.5 or 5 mg of bupivacaine.

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A review and new insights to antimicrobial action of local anesthetics

Cited by 49 publications

References 61 publications

Bacterial inhibition efficiency of prilocaine and bupivacaine

Bacterial inhibition efficiency of prilocaine and bupivacaine

Antimicrobial Properties on Non-Antibiotic Drugs in the Era of Increased Bacterial Resistance

In vitro evaluation of loaded chitosan membranes for pain relief and infection prevention

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