A review and update of animal toxicoses associated with fumonisin-contaminated feeds and production of fumonisins by Fusarium isolates

Ross, Paul F.; Rice, L. G.; Osweiler, Gary D.; Nelson, Paul E.; Richard, J. L.; Wilson, T. M.

doi:10.1007/bf00497286

Cited by 184 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The most important producers of fumonisins are F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum because of their overall high levels of production, wide geographical distribution, frequent occurrence on maize, and association with known animal mycotoxicoses (62,63). With the exception of F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum, less than 50% of isolates of other fumonisin-producing Fusarium species may produce fumonisins at various levels (51).…”

Section: Fumonisin Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Fumonisin Analogs by Fusarium Species

Rheeder

Marasas

Vismer

2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

563

308

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The fumonisins, a family of food-borne carcinogenic mycotoxins, were first isolated in 1988 (21) from cultures of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg (previously known as Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon). During the same year, the structures of the fumonisins were elucidated (6) and fumonisin B 1 was shown to cause equine leukoencephalomalacia (34). There have been numerous publications dealing with this group of novel, carcinogenic mycotoxins, and comprehensive reviews of different aspects of the fumonisins are available (20,22,23,24,35,36,37,41,43,46,52,55,60,61,66). Due to the widespread occurrence of the fumonisins in maize, a dietary staple in many countries, the carcinogenic risk of fumonisins to humans was evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1993, and the toxins produced by F. moniliforme were evaluated as "Group 2B carcinogens," i.e., probably carcinogenic to humans (24). This review focuses on the Fusarium species that produce fumonisins and the fumonisin analogs produced by each of these species.

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Section: Fumonisin Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Fumonisin Analogs by Fusarium Species

Rheeder

Marasas

Vismer

2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

563

308

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“…Because FB1 reduces the uptake of folate in different cell lines, fumonisin consumption has been implicated in connection with neural tube defects in human babies (12,14). In addition, elevated levels of fumonisins in animal feed cause diseases such as equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) in horses and porcine pulmonary edema (PPE) in swine (15). They have been shown to cause liver and kidney cancer in rats (9).…”

Section: Background On Fumonisin and Aflatoxin Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin Risk Assessment for the Purpose of Setting International Regulatory Standards

2004

Environ. Sci. Technol.

231

135

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The 2003 Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Mycotoxin report states that one 21st century goal is the development of uniform regulations worldwide for foodborne mycotoxin contamination. This study informs that endeavor by a risk assessment and economic analysis of two important mycotoxins: fumonisins and aflatoxins. The goals are to identify the nations that would be most heavily impacted by tighter mycotoxin regulations, examine costs and benefits as a function of regulatory stringency, and address risk−risk tradeoffs between health benefits and economic losses from compliance with those regulations. Among industrial nations, the United States would experience the heaviest economic losses from more precautionary mycotoxin standards. Environmental conditions in the developing world, however, are more conducive to mycotoxin accumulation in crops. Contrary to concerns expressed among policymakers, the less developed countries that would likely experience the greatest loss from tighter mycotoxin standards are not sub-Saharan African nations, but China and Argentina. If a fumonisin standard of 0.5 mg/kg were adopted worldwide, total export losses from fumonisins in corn may exceed $300 million annually: 3-fold higher than if the less stringent U.S. standard of 2 mg/kg were adopted. Likewise, export losses from aflatoxins in peanuts may exceed $450 million under the current EU regulatory standard of 4 μg/kg: almost 5-fold higher than if the U.S. standard of 20 μg/kg were adopted. Stricter standards are unlikely to improve health significantly. In developing nations such as China where hepatitis B and C are prevalent, tighter aflatoxin standards may increase health risks until improved control methods for aflatoxins are found, as high-quality crops may be exported instead of being consumed domestically.

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“…In rural areas of Transkei, Southern Africa, FB1 and FB2 have been found in home-grown corn that produced and consumed by people whole living in there areas [10] . Fumonisin have also been found in feeds that were associated with ELEM that obtained from South Africa, the United States and Brazil [18,20,22,23] . Wilson et al have reported that the level of FB1 and FB2 were as high as 122 and 23 µg g −1 [23] .…”

Section: Occurrence Of Fumonisins In Foods and Feedsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Among the forms that have been characterized, are Fumonisin B1 (FB1), Fumonisin B2 (FB2) and fumon.isin B3 (FB3) (the B series of fumonisins) [14,17] . Fumonisin B1 is also known as macrofusin and the most abundant of the fumonisin family and usually accounts for 70-80% of the total fumonisin content of F. verticillioides cultures and naturally contaminated foods [18] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Chemical and Physical Properties Of Fumonisinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health and Toxic Adverse Effects of Fusarium Fungal Mycotoxin, Fumonisins, on Human Population

Norhasima¹,

Abdulamir²,

Bakar³

et al. 2009

American J. of Infectious Diseases

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Problem statements: Fumonisin was a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium in various foods and feeds. They occurred worldwide and were found predominantly in corn and in corn-based animal feeds and also can be found in other crops. Contamination of food and feed with fumonisins has been implicated in and associated with a number of diseases in both livestock as well as human beings. Approach: A review was done on the effect of fumonisins on animal and human and detoxification method for the prevention. ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Google and Yahoo were used in the preparation of this review. Results: This review clarified that the major forms of fumonisins found in food were the B series, fumonisin B1, B2 and B3. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) was the most common and the most thoroughly studied. FB1 caused toxicities in animals including Equine Leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM), Porcine Pulmonary Edema (PPE) in pigs and nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic in rats. Furthermore, FB1 had been implicated to be associated with high rates of human esophageal cancer. In addition to their natural occurrence in corn-based animal feeds and in home-grown corn used for food, fumonisins were frequently found in commercial corn-based foods. Methods for prevention and detoxification for fumonisins included prevention of plants contamination at the field level and harvest and post-harvest control of fumonisins. Furthermore, the diseases occurred in livestock will pose the additional economic losses in livestock farmers. Conclusion: Due to economic losses engendered by fumonisin, several strategies for detoxifying and preventing contaminated foods and feeds had been described in the literature including physical and biological process. However these methods still in demonstrated. Awareness of fumonisin-related animal diseases, contamination of fumonisin in foods and feeds and adherence to guidance recommendation in prevention methods were important for reducing fumonisin-induced diseases in agriculturally important species.

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A review and update of animal toxicoses associated with fumonisin-contaminated feeds and production of fumonisins by Fusarium isolates

Cited by 184 publications

References 16 publications

Production of Fumonisin Analogs by Fusarium Species

Production of Fumonisin Analogs by Fusarium Species

Mycotoxin Risk Assessment for the Purpose of Setting International Regulatory Standards

The Health and Toxic Adverse Effects of Fusarium Fungal Mycotoxin, Fumonisins, on Human Population

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