A Review of Agricultural and Coastal Cities in Indonesia in Finding Urban Sprawl Priority Parameters

Abstract

Urban sprawl has caused an impact on urban development, causing land use changes, loss of income and cultural values, environmental degradation, and high monetary costs. Urban sprawl needs to be carried out efficiently and inclusively to ensure sustainable land use and management including cities in Indonesia. Since 1980s, urban sprawl in Indonesia is high due to limited land which causes the expansion of development on the expanse of agricultural areas and coastal settlements. This paper presents a critical review of the parameters of urban sprawl in agricultural cities including Bandung, Batu, Pekanbaru and coastal cities including Surabaya, Gresik, and Madura using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The parameters are gathered from a review of articles related to urban sprawl in agricultural and coastal cities in Indonesia. The result of this comparative studies showed two key important variables that caused urban sprawl in Indonesia: population growth, and land limitation to encompass agricultural and coastal cities. Furthermore, there are four priority parameters out of eight, namely immigrant population ratio-transnational, birth ratio, population growth rate, and land occupation ratio causing urban sprawl in agricultural and coastal cities. In sum, the findings of this study suggest the importance of applying urban sprawl parameters in analyzing urban development as it is useful for evaluating and monitoring the rapid urban development in Indonesia.

Urban Development and Transportation: Investigating Spatial Performance Indicators of 12 European Union Coastal Regions

“…Urban growth rates and spatial patterns of urban development will indeed affect societal, financial and other characteristics of the regions and vice versa. The population growth in urban areas causes an increasing need for housing and urban development and thus a land limitation due to the conversion to housing fact that also affects land pricing (increase in land prices) [42]. Therefore, this forces the residents to move outside the urban cores, thus forming the phenomenon of sprawl cities.…”

Green Development in Indonesia: Socioeconomic Impacts, Environmental Effects, and the Role of Social Entrepreneurship

“…Consequences of this nature include the emergence of climate change and the Urban Heat Island effect (Wirayuda et al, 2023). It is imperative to comprehend the intricacies of urbanization dynamics in order to effectively tackle the obstacles that arise during the process of green space development in Indonesia (Choi, 2022;Suwarlan et al, 2022). Through an examination of social transformations in rural communities and urban expansion parameters in coastal and agricultural cities, scholars have discerned pivotal factors, such as land limitations and population expansion, that contribute to urban expansion.…”

“…Nevertheless, it should be noted that while the correlation between UHI intensity and green space is not statistically significant in every region, this suggests that additional variables do indeed influence land surface temperature (Suhartini & Jones, 2023). Furthermore, training requirements and the absence of stringent regulations and market technology are obstacles to the implementation of green building concepts in residential structures (Suwarlan et al, 2022). The informal settlements commonly referred to as kampongs have become occupied with self-help and self-help housing due to the planning system's failure to adequately provide affordable housing.…”