A review of biochemical and thermochemical energy conversion routes of wastewater grown algal biomass

Choudhary, Poonam; Assemany, Paula Peixoto; Naaz, Farah; Bhattacharya, Arghya; Castro, Jackeline de Siqueira; Couto, Eduardo de Aguiar do; Calijuri, Maria Lúcia; Pant, Kamal Kishore

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137961

Cited by 105 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 249 publications

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“…This limiting effect of low C/N may stem from high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acids in the digesters, which are detrimental to methane production [49]. One way to counteract this hindrance to anaerobic processing of algal biomass is to improve the C/N ratio by adding biomass that is rich in organic carbon to the feedstock mix [50].…”

Section: Feedstock Properties and Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Fermentation of Microalgae Biomass and Miscanthus × giganteus Silage—Assessment of the Substrate, Biogas Production and Digestate Characteristics

et al. 2022

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The development of a sustainable bioenergy market is currently largely fueled by energy crops, whose ever-increasing production competes with the global food and feed supply. Consequently, non-food crops need to be considered as alternatives for energy biomass production. Such alternatives include microalgal biomass, as well as energy crops grown on non-agricultural land. The aim of the present study was to evaluate how co-digestion of microalgal biomass with giant miscanthus silage affects feedstock properties, the biogas production process, biogas yields, methane fractions and the digestate profile. Combining giant miscanthus silage with microbial biomass was found to produce better C/N ratios than using either substrate alone. The highest biogas and methane production rates—628.00 ± 20.05 cm3/gVS and 3045.56 ± 274.06 cm3 CH4/d—were obtained with 40% microalgae in the feedstock. In all variants, the bulk of the microbial community consisted of bacteria (EUB338) and archaea (ARC915).

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Section: Feedstock Properties and Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Fermentation of Microalgae Biomass and Miscanthus × giganteus Silage—Assessment of the Substrate, Biogas Production and Digestate Characteristics

et al. 2022

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“…The wastewater from the food and beverage industries is suitable for the growth of microalgae as it has a low concentration of toxic chemicals and heavy metals . In a study, it was found that livestock waste contains a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorous which leads to an increase in the carbohydrate content of biomass and a decrease in lipids (Choudhary et al, 2020).…”

Section: Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Wastewater Resources Into Biofuel and Value-Added Products Using Microalgal System

et al. 2021

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Wastewater is not a liability, instead considered as a resource for microbial fermentation and value-added products. Most of the wastewater contains various nutrients like nitrates and phosphates apart from the organic constituents that favor microbial growth. Microalgae are unicellular aquatic organisms and are widely used for wastewater treatment. Various cultivation methods such as open, closed, and integrated have been reported for microalgal cultivation to treat wastewater and resource recovery simultaneously. Microalgal growth is affected by various factors such as sunlight, temperature, pH, and nutrients that affect the growth rate of microalgae. Microalgae can consume urea, phosphates, and metals such as magnesium, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic, etc. for their growth and reduces the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The microalgal biomass produced during the wastewater treatment can be further used to produce carbon-neutral products such as biofuel, feed, bio-fertilizer, bioplastic, and exopolysaccharides. Integration of wastewater treatment with microalgal bio-refinery not only solves the wastewater treatment problem but also generates revenue and supports a sustainable and circular bio-economy. The present review will highlight the current and advanced methods used to integrate microalgae for the complete reclamation of nutrients from industrial wastewater sources and their utilization for value-added compound production. Furthermore, pertaining challenges are briefly discussed along with the techno-economic analysis of current pilot-scale projects worldwide.

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“…Chemical conversion mediated by heat is called thermochemical conversion and includes incineration, pyro-gasification, and pyrolysis [28]. When conversion is performed by microorganisms instead of heat, it is named biochemical conversion, e.g., anaerobic digestion or fermentation [29].…”

Section: Management Of Biomass From Phytoremediation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Plant Biomass Derived from Phytoremediation of Potential Toxic-Metal-Polluted Soils to Bioenergy Production and High-Value by-Products—A Review

et al. 2021

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Phytoremediation is an attractive strategy for cleaning soils polluted with a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic toxic compounds. Among these pollutants, heavy metals have attracted global attention due to their negative effects on human health and terrestrial ecosystems. As a result of this, numerous studies have been carried out to elucidate the mechanisms involved in removal processes. These studies have employed many plant species that might be used for phytoremediation and the obtention of end bioproducts such as biofuels and biogas useful in combustion and heating. Phytotechnologies represent an attractive segment that is increasingly gaining attention worldwide due to their versatility, economic profitability, and environmental co-benefits such as erosion control and soil quality and functionality improvement. In this review, the process of valorizing biomass from phytoremediation is described; in addition, relevant experiments where polluted biomass is used as feedstock or bioenergy is produced via thermo- and biochemical conversion are analyzed. Besides, pretreatments of biomass to increase yields and treatments to control the transfer of metals to the environment are also mentioned. Finally, aspects related to the feasibility, benefits, risks, and gaps of converting toxic-metal-polluted biomass are discussed.

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A review of biochemical and thermochemical energy conversion routes of wastewater grown algal biomass

Cited by 105 publications

References 249 publications

Co-Fermentation of Microalgae Biomass and Miscanthus × giganteus Silage—Assessment of the Substrate, Biogas Production and Digestate Characteristics

Co-Fermentation of Microalgae Biomass and Miscanthus × giganteus Silage—Assessment of the Substrate, Biogas Production and Digestate Characteristics

Valorization of Wastewater Resources Into Biofuel and Value-Added Products Using Microalgal System

Coupling Plant Biomass Derived from Phytoremediation of Potential Toxic-Metal-Polluted Soils to Bioenergy Production and High-Value by-Products—A Review

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