A Review of Blockchain in Internet of Things and AI

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a new technology that enables both virtual and physical objects to be connected and communicate with each other, and produce new digitized services that improve our quality of life. The IoT system provides several advantages, however, the current centralized architecture introduces numerous issues involving a single point of failure, security, privacy, transparency, and data integrity. These challenges are an obstacle in the way of the future developments of IoT applications. Moving the IoT into one of the distributed ledger technologies may be the correct choice to resolve these issues. Among the common and popular types of distributed ledger technologies is the blockchain. Integrating the IoT with blockchain technology can bring countless benefits. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive discussion of integrating the IoT system with blockchain technology. After providing the basics of the IoT system and blockchain technology, a thorough review of integrating the blockchain with the IoT system is presented by highlighting benefits of the integration and how the blockchain can resolve the issues of the IoT system. Then, the blockchain as a service for the IoT is presented to show how various features of blockchain technology can be implemented as a service for various IoT applications. This is followed by discussing the impact of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) on both IoT and blockchain. In the end, future research directions of IoT with blockchain are presented.

A Disaster Management Framework Using Internet of Things-Based Interconnected Devices

“…For this incident, Professor David Brock and Sanjay Sharma suggested RFID tags to track the different items in the distribution chain in which they decided to use the very bar code tags to monitor the items to save the price of the service and to manufacture more complex shapes with bigger, more costly memory capacity. e FID tags associated with the data link have been placed in the database and accessible via the Internet [7]. A few research and journals have reported that Ashton, Executive Director, in MIT ID Centre in1999, first launched the Internet of ings [8,9].…”

Blockchain for Securing AI Applications and Open Innovations

“…To tackle a challenging hurdle to compute offloading and resource allocations in a dynamic environment, a deep reinforcement learning approach can be used. Furthermore, blockchain can secure and optimize offloading issues in multi-UAV (unmanned aerial vehicles) aided mobile edge computing architecture [61][62][63][64].…”

Demystifying Blockchain Technology for Resource-Constrained IoT Devices: Parameters, Challenges and Future Perspective

“…Layered architectures and their objectives/functions or goals are discussed in various literature and have slight variations. In this regard, Figure 1 presents a generalized literature study result to identify various IoT architecture models [9], [14], [18], [64], [65]. In general, five-tier, four-tier, and three-tier are distinguished from the pool of proposed architectures.…”

“…Given that IoT technology is evolving rapidly, a simple three-tier model can not provide a sufficiently accurate abstraction. The next model under consideration is four-tier [64]. The apparent difference from the previous architecture This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.…”