A Review of Cancer Chemopreventive Agents

Levi, Mark S.; Borne, Ronald F.; Williamson, John S.

doi:10.2174/0929867013372229

Cited by 62 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…In normal practice, surgery and radiation therapy are the local treatments to reduce the risk of cancer in the breast, chest wall, and regional lymph nodes, whereas chemotherapy and hormonal therapy are the systemic treatments to reduce recurrences and overall mortality (35,36). However, patients receiving radiation and chemotherapy experience treatment-induced adverse effects, which are a major hindrance towards successful treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Inhibitory and Antimetastatic Effect of Green Tea Polyphenols on Metastasis-Specific Mouse Mammary Carcinoma 4T1 Cells In vitro and In vivo Systems

Baliga¹,

Meleth²,

Katiyar

2005

Clinical Cancer Research

154

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Purpose: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among females. Dietary habits may have a role in breast cancer risk and prevention as well. Here, we examined the effect of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on growth and metastasis of highly metastatic mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells in vitro and in vivo systems.Experimental Design: 4T1 cells were treated with (À À À) -epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and the effect was determined on cellular proliferation, induction of apoptosis, proapoptosis, and antiapoptotic proteins of Bcl-2 family, and caspase 3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation following 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis. Anticarcinogenic and antimetastatic effect of GTP in 4T1 cells was assessed in immunocompetent BALB/c mice.Results: Treatment of 4T1 cells with EGCG resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis in doseand time-dependent manner. The increase in apoptosis was accompanied with decrease in the protein expression of Bcl-2 concomitantly increase in Bax, cytochrome c release, Apaf-1, and cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP proteins. Treatment of EGCG-rich GTP in drinking water to 4T1 cells bearing BALB/c mice resulted in reduction of tumor growth accompanied with increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, reduction in proliferating cell nuclear antigen and activation of caspase 3 in tumors. Metastasis of tumor cells to lungs was inhibited and survival period of animals was increased after green tea treatment.Conclusion: This study suggests that GTP have the ability to prevent the development of breast cancer and its metastasis; however, further in vivo studies are required to identify the molecular targets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Inhibitory and Antimetastatic Effect of Green Tea Polyphenols on Metastasis-Specific Mouse Mammary Carcinoma 4T1 Cells In vitro and In vivo Systems

Baliga¹,

Meleth²,

Katiyar

2005

Clinical Cancer Research

154

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“…A wide range of chemicals that variously interact with cellular functions has been studied experimentally in the attempt to block the processes that lead to carcinogenesis (42,43). Examples of anti-inflammatory compounds having in vitro chemopreventive activity are piroxicam, sulindac, aspirin, celecoxib, and curcumin.…”

Section: The Use Of Biomarkers In Exposure Intervention Chemopreventmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retinoids and vitamin A derivatives, such as targretin and fenretinide, have also been investigated in the prevention of tumors as have compounds containing sulfur, such as sulforaphane and oltipraz and the steroid dehydroepiandosterone. The biomarkers used to determine the chemopreventive activity of these compounds are quite often activities of enzymes (42,43).…”

Section: The Use Of Biomarkers In Exposure Intervention Chemopreventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology and Biomarkers in Etiologic Cancer Research: The New in Light of the Old

Víneis

Perera

2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

162

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The purpose of this review is to evaluate progress in molecular epidemiology over the past 24 years in cancer etiology and prevention to draw lessons for future research incorporating the new generation of biomarkers. Molecular epidemiology was introduced in the study of cancer in the early 1980s, with the expectation that it would help overcome some major limitations of epidemiology and facilitate cancer prevention. The expectation was that biomarkers would improve exposure assessment, document early changes preceding disease, and identify subgroups in the population with greater susceptibility to cancer, thereby increasing the ability of epidemiologic studies to identify causes and elucidate mechanisms in carcinogenesis. The first generation of biomarkers has indeed contributed to our understanding of risk and susceptibility related largely to genotoxic carcinogens.Consequently, interventions and policy changes have been mounted to reduce risk from several important environmental carcinogens. Several new and promising biomarkers are now becoming available for epidemiologic studies, thanks to the development of highthroughput technologies and theoretical advances in biology. These include toxicogenomics, alterations in gene methylation and gene expression, proteomics, and metabonomics, which allow large-scale studies, including discovery-oriented as well as hypothesis-testing investigations. However, most of these newer biomarkers have not been adequately validated, and their role in the causal paradigm is not clear. There is a need for their systematic validation using principles and criteria established over the past several decades in molecular cancer epidemiology. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(10):1954 -65)

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“…This compound, freely available in the human food supply, is associated with numerous therapeutic benefits, including chemoprevention and chemotherapy in cancer, and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral activities (Osawa et al, 1995;Commandeur and Vermeulen, 1996;Cheng et al, 2001;Levi et al, 2001). In addition, the pharmacological safety of curcumin is evident by its consumption for centuries at levels up to 100 mg/day by people in certain countries (Satoskar et al, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of IκB Kinase-Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway by 3,5-Bis(2-flurobenzylidene)piperidin-4-one (EF24), a Novel Monoketone Analog of Curcumin

Kasinski

Thomas

et al. 2008

Molecular Pharmacology

150

149

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The nuclear factor-B (NF-B) signaling pathway has been targeted for therapeutic applications in a variety of human diseases, includuing cancer. Many naturally occurring substances, including curcumin, have been investigated for their actions on the NF-B pathway because of their significant therapeutic potential and safety profile. A synthetic monoketone compound termed 3,5-bis(2-flurobenzylidene)piperidin-4-one (EF24) was developed from curcumin and exhibited potent anticancer activity. Here, we report a mechanism by which EF24 potently suppresses the NF-B signaling pathway through direct action on IB kinase (IKK). We demonstrate that 1) EF24 induces death of lung, breast, ovarian, and cervical cancer cells, with a potency about 10 times higher than that of curcumin; 2) EF24 rapidly blocks the nuclear translocation of NF-B, with an IC 50 value of 1.3 M compared with curcumin, with an IC 50 value of 13 M; 3) EF24 effectively inhibits tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-␣-induced IB phosphorylation and degradation, suggesting a role of this compound in targeting IKK; and 4) EF24 indeed directly inhibits the catalytic activity of IKK in an in vitro-reconstituted system. Our study identifies IKK as an effective target for EF24 and provides a molecular explanation for a superior activity of EF24 over curcumin. The effective inhibition of TNF-␣-induced NF-B signaling by EF24 extends the therapeutic application of EF24 to other NF-B-dependent diseases, including inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.Curcumin, isolated from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa L., is the major component of the spice curry.

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A Review of Cancer Chemopreventive Agents

Cited by 62 publications

References 103 publications

Growth Inhibitory and Antimetastatic Effect of Green Tea Polyphenols on Metastasis-Specific Mouse Mammary Carcinoma 4T1 Cells In vitro and In vivo Systems

Growth Inhibitory and Antimetastatic Effect of Green Tea Polyphenols on Metastasis-Specific Mouse Mammary Carcinoma 4T1 Cells In vitro and In vivo Systems

Molecular Epidemiology and Biomarkers in Etiologic Cancer Research: The New in Light of the Old

Inhibition of IκB Kinase-Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway by 3,5-Bis(2-flurobenzylidene)piperidin-4-one (EF24), a Novel Monoketone Analog of Curcumin

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