A Review of Chronic Comorbidities in Adults Living With HIV: State of the Science

Abstract

People living with HIV are living longer, high-quality lives; however, as they age, this population is at increased risk for developing chronic comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer (e.g., lung, anal, and liver), and diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this state-of-the-science review is to provide an evidence-based summary on common physical comorbidities experienced by people living and aging with HIV. We focus on those chronic conditions that are prevalent and growing and share behavioral risk factors that are common in people living with HIV. We will discuss the current evidence on the epidemiology, physiology, prevention strategies, screening, and treatment options for people living with HIV across resource settings.

Excess cancer prevalence in men with HIV: A nationwide analysis of Medicaid data

“…Among the most common comorbidities affecting PLWH are non–AIDS‐defining cancers, such as lung, head and neck, and anal cancers, which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality 4‐8 . A previous study demonstrated that non–AIDS‐defining cancer was the leading non‐AIDS cause of death in PLWH, 9 responsible for 10‐17% of deaths in PLWH 10,11 .…”

“…2,3 Among the most common comorbidities affecting PLWH are non-AIDS-defining cancers, such as lung, head and neck, and anal cancers, which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. [4][5][6][7][8] A previous study demonstrated that non-AIDS-defining cancer was the leading non-AIDS cause of death in PLWH, 9 responsible for 10-17% of deaths in PLWH. 10,11 Although the cancer burden in the United States is expected to increase as the population ages, 12 it may affect PLWH more acutely because they are generally diagnosed with cancer 10 to 20 years earlier than people without Cancer May 15, 2022 HIV.…”

Validação de livro eletrônico interativo para redução do risco cardiovascular em pessoas vivendo com HIV

“…Tradicionalmente, as DCV resultam da interação de múltiplos fatores de risco dicotomizados entre modificáveis (tabagismo, alimentação inadequada, sedentarismo, dislipidemia, hipertensão e diabetes) e não modificáveis (idade avançada e histórico familiar) (4)(5) . As DCV também estão relacionadas a desordens metabólicas persistentes por longo prazo, como a resistência à insulina e alteração da distribuição de gordura (lipodistrofia) (4)(5)(6) .…”

Effects of a Health Promotion Intervention on Physical Activity in African American Men Living with HIV: Randomized Controlled Trial

“…S trategies are needed to encourage African American men living with HIV to engage in physical activity (PA) to reduce their risk for and mitigate the effects of noncom-municable diseases (NCDs) associated with HIV, including diabetes mellitus; hypertension; cardiovascular disease; diminished bone density; and sarcopenia, muscle loss, and associated frailty. [1][2][3] People living with HIV (PLWH) are surviving longer and suffering fewer AIDS-defining opportunistic infections and cancers because of the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART). 4 However, considerable evidence suggests that HIV and its treatment with ART can increase the risk for NCDs associated with aging.…”

“… 4 However, considerable evidence suggests that HIV and its treatment with ART can increase the risk for NCDs associated with aging. 1 , 5 Thus, rising NCD rates have accompanied the increased life expectancy among PLWH, 6 which underscores the need to prevent and manage NCDs affecting PLWH.…”