A review of conventional and emerging technologies for hydrogels sterilization

Bento, Cristiana S. A.; Gaspar, Marisa C.; Coimbra, Patrícia; Sousa, Hermínio C. de; Braga, Mara E.M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122671

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Sterilization is vital for dressings since they directly contact the site of the wound; they should be free of microorganisms. A common sterilization method is through steam or dry heat application typically between 120 and 250 °C temperature span to denature the structural proteins in microorganisms; therefore, the dressings should be able to tolerate heat treatments Figure f shows the TGA profiles of the networks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Softwood and Hardwood Nanofibril Hydrogels: Toward Wound Dressing Applications

Baş,

Berglund,

Niittylä

et al. 2023

Biomacromolecules

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Hydrogels of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are promising wound dressing candidates due to their biocompatibility, high water absorption, and transparency. Herein, two different commercially available wood species, softwood and hardwood, were subjected to TEMPO-mediated oxidation to proceed with delignification and oxidation in a one-pot process, and thereafter, nanofibrils were isolated using a high-pressure microfluidizer. Furthermore, transparent nanofibril hydrogel networks were prepared by vacuum filtration. Nanofibril properties and network performance correlated with oxidation were investigated and compared with commercially available TEMPO-oxidized pulp nanofibrils and their networks. Softwood nanofibril hydrogel networks exhibited the best mechanical properties, and in vitro toxicological risk assessment showed no detrimental effect for any of the studied hydrogels on human fibroblast or keratinocyte cells. This study demonstrates a straightforward processing route for direct oxidation of different wood species to obtain nanofibril hydrogels for potential use as wound dressings, with softwood having the most potential.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Softwood and Hardwood Nanofibril Hydrogels: Toward Wound Dressing Applications

Baş,

Berglund,

Niittylä

et al. 2023

Biomacromolecules

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“…The water loss after autoclaving led to the disruption of the gel structure, which translates to a significant change in the mechanical properties (i.e., enhanced storage modulus). Alternative postprocessing sterilization techniques, including gamma‐irradiation, ethanol washing, and ultraviolet light, 55 will be investigated to maintain the structure, physical, and biological properties of CHNC for their use in biomedical applications. The ability to track the material under x‐ray based imaging modality is crucial for physicians on the precise targeting and tracking of deployed embolic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan‐nanoclay embolic material for catheter‐directed arterial embolization

P.J.,

Zhao,

Chen

et al. 2024

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Minimally invasive transcatheter embolization is a common nonsurgical procedure in interventional radiology. It is used for the deliberate occlusion of blood vessels for the treatment of disease or injured vasculature, including vascular malformation and malignant/benign tumors. Here, we introduce a gel embolic agent comprising chitosan nanofibers and nanoclay with excellent catheter injectability and tunable mechanical properties for embolization. The properties of the gel were optimized by varying the ratio between each individual component and also adjusting the total solid content. The rheological studies confirm the shear thinning property and gel nature of the developed gel as well as their recoverability. Injection force was measured to record the force required to pass the embolic gel through a clinically relevant catheter, evaluating for practicality of hand‐injection. Theoretical predicted injection force was calculated to reduce the development time and to enhance the physician's experience. The stability of occlusion was also tested in vitro by monitoring the pressure required to displace the gel. The engineered gels exhibited sterility, hemocompatibility and cell biocompatibility, highlighting their potential for transcatheter embolization.

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“…Hydrogels are a versatile class of materials composed of cross-linked polymeric chains that have the remarkable ability to store a significant amount of water ( Sharma & Tiwari, 2020 ; Bento et al, 2023 ; Tevlek et al, 2023 ). One of their most notable characteristics is their high degree of porosity, which makes them highly responsive to external stimuli such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength ( García-Torres et al, 2022 ; Camman et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the clean room barrier: exploring low-cost alternatives for microfluidic devices

Rodríguez

Andrade-Pérez

Vargas

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary field that encompasses both science and engineering, which aims to design and fabricate devices capable of manipulating extremely low volumes of fluids on a microscale level. The central objective of microfluidics is to provide high precision and accuracy while using minimal reagents and equipment. The benefits of this approach include greater control over experimental conditions, faster analysis, and improved experimental reproducibility. Microfluidic devices, also known as labs-on-a-chip (LOCs), have emerged as potential instruments for optimizing operations and decreasing costs in various of industries, including pharmaceutical, medical, food, and cosmetics. However, the high price of conventional prototypes for LOCs devices, generated in clean room facilities, has increased the demand for inexpensive alternatives. Polymers, paper, and hydrogels are some of the materials that can be utilized to create the inexpensive microfluidic devices covered in this article. In addition, we highlighted different manufacturing techniques, such as soft lithography, laser plotting, and 3D printing, that are suitable for creating LOCs. The selection of materials and fabrication techniques will depend on the specific requirements and applications of each individual LOC. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the numerous alternatives for the development of low-cost LOCs to service industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and biomedicine.

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A review of conventional and emerging technologies for hydrogels sterilization

Cited by 34 publications

References 65 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Softwood and Hardwood Nanofibril Hydrogels: Toward Wound Dressing Applications

Preparation and Characterization of Softwood and Hardwood Nanofibril Hydrogels: Toward Wound Dressing Applications

Chitosan‐nanoclay embolic material for catheter‐directed arterial embolization

Breaking the clean room barrier: exploring low-cost alternatives for microfluidic devices

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