A Review of Data Cleaning Approaches in a Hydrographic Framework with a Focus on Bathymetric Multibeam Echosounder Datasets

Deunf, Julian Le; Debese, Nathalie; Schmitt, Thierry; Romain, Billot

doi:10.3390/geosciences10070254

Cited by 31 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…MBES data were processed in QPS QINSy 8.14 and Qloud 2.2 software in order to introduce all necessary corrections (sound velocity, water level, etc.) and clean bathymetry grid errors (e.g., undesired acoustic spikes) in accordance with best practices and guidelines (Hac et al, 2018;le Deunf et al, 2020). Bathymetric data were further controlled and verified during archaeological field works.…”

Section: Mbes Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration and reconstruction of a medieval harbour using hydroacoustics, 3‐D shallow seismic and underwater photogrammetry: A case study from Puck, southern Baltic Sea

Pydyn

Popek

Kubacka

et al. 2021

Archaeological Prospection

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Exploration of the marine environment using underwater remote-sensing methods is the most reasonable method for investigating submerged archaeological heritage sites, preserving their current condition and maintaining them for future generations. While non-invasive recognition of heritage sites is one of the main objectives of underwater archaeology, the nearshore environment of the small Polish town of Puck hides one of the biggest medieval harbours in the Baltic Sea. The following research objectives were met in this study: (a) exploration of underwater archaeological heritage harbour in Puck using high-resolution hydroacoustics, 3-D shallow seismics and underwater photogrammetry; (b) reconstruction of the submerged Puck medieval port by the combining of hydroacoustics, 3D shallow seismics, underwater photogrammetry and archival documentation; (c) estimation of the rate at which the bottom sediments containing the archaeological objects are being destroyed. The underwater archaeological site of Puck harbour was explored using multiple surveying methods, including multibeam echosounder, parametric sub-bottom profiler, underwater photogrammetry, aerial photography and comparison with archival documentation. Very highresolution bathymetry from a multibeam echosounder allowed seabed features suchas piles, stones and horizontal structural elements to be identified, along with other archaeological artefacts, boat wrecks and boat-building artefacts. The 3-D shallow seismic datasets allowed us to distinguish, for example, several outcropping structures, a previously unknown buried shipwreck, past excavation trenches, the harbour boundary and a palaeochannel of the Płutnica River. Fusing datasets from multiple sources in the geographic information system (GIS) environment allowed for a combined visualization of the heritage sites, providing a broad archaeological demonstration of the underwater structure. By comparing with archival documentation, we calculated that 43% of biogenic layers containing archaeological objects eroded over 26 years. Our results demonstrated that without any doubt, underwater remote-sensing methods are the most appropriate for exploration and investigation of underwater heritage sites while maintaining their original value.

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Section: Mbes Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration and reconstruction of a medieval harbour using hydroacoustics, 3‐D shallow seismic and underwater photogrammetry: A case study from Puck, southern Baltic Sea

Pydyn

Popek

Kubacka

et al. 2021

Archaeological Prospection

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“…Multibeam echosounders (MBES) are recognized as one of the most powerful and popular mapping technologies available for modern underwater (e.g., sea, river, lake) exploration [1][2][3][4][5]. MBES have been publicly available since the 1970s [6][7][8]. MBES are now advanced to a level where the ultra-high-resolution (cm) of underwater floor mapping [9] is performed at a similar spatial resolution as the remote sensing of the terrestrial environment [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some less efficient MBES can collect around 30 million points per hour in shallow water [51]. MBES systems, in most cases, deliver data in the form of a georeferenced file consisting of a point (xyz) cloud with billions of individual points [8], 48, pp. 187, [53].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These raw 3D point clouds are often contaminated with noise and outliers [54][55][56]. The outliers can be defined as inaccurate data (unordinary value) collected during an MBES survey [8,57] that statistically deviate from the other elements of the sample [50], meaning that they are inconsistent or atypical values [58]. The outlier rate is much higher in a MBES system than in a terrestrial survey due to the complexity of the data acquisition process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bathymetric Survey of the St. Anthony Channel (Croatia) Using Multibeam Echosounders (MBES)—A New Methodological Semi-Automatic Approach of Point Cloud Post-Processing

Šiljeg

Marić

Domazetović

et al. 2022

JMSE

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Multibeam echosounders (MBES) have become a valuable tool for underwater floor mapping. However, MBES data are often loaded with different measurement errors. This study presents a new user-friendly and methodological semi-automatic approach of point cloud post-processing error removal. The St. Anthony Channel (Croatia) was selected as the research area because it is regarded as one of the most demanding sea or river passages in the world and it is protected as a significant landscape by the Šibenik-Knin County. The two main objectives of this study, conducted within the Interreg Italy–Croatia PEPSEA project, were to: (a) propose a methodological framework that would enable the easier and user-friendly identification and removal of the errors in MBES data; (b) create a high-resolution integral model (MBES and UAV data) of the St. Anthony Channel for maritime safety and tourism promotion purposes. A hydrographic survey of the channel was carried out using WASSP S3 MBES while UAV photogrammetry was performed using Matrice 210 RTK V2. The proposed semi-automatic post-processing of the MBES acquired point cloud was completed in the Open Source CloudCompare software following five steps in which various point filtering methods were used. The reduction percentage in points after the denoising process was 14.11%. Our results provided: (a) a new user-friendly methodological framework for MBES point filtering; (b) a detailed bathymetric map of the St. Anthony Channel with a spatial resolution of 50 cm; and (c) the first integral (MBES and UAV) high-resolution model of the St. Anthony Channel. The generated models can primarily be used for maritime safety and tourism promotion purposes. In future research, ground-truthing methods (e.g., ROVs) will be used to validate the generated models.

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“…However, in commercial programs used in the processing of hydrographic data, methods of interpolation to a specific mesh size are very frequently used. In this case, the output data do not retain the source characteristics [13]. In this study, the authors focused on processing reduced datasets from real hydroacoustic measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of Bathymetric Data: The Fusion of New Reduction Methods for Spatial Big Data

Wlodarczyk–Sielicka

Błaszczak-Bąk

2020

Sensors

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Floating autonomous vehicles are very often equipped with modern systems that collect information about the situation under the water surface, e.g., the depth or type of bottom and obstructions on the seafloor. One such system is the multibeam echosounder (MBES), which collects very large sets of bathymetric data. The development and analysis of such large sets are laborious and expensive. Reduction of the spatial data obtained from bathymetric and other systems collecting spatial data is currently widely used. In commercial programs used in the development of data from hydrographic systems, methods of interpolation to a specific mesh size are very frequently used. The authors of this article previously proposed original the true bathymetric data reduction method (TBDRed) and Optimum Dataset (OptD) reduction methods, which maintain the actual position and depth for each of the measured points, without their interpolation. The effectiveness of the proposed methods has already been presented in previous articles. This article proposes the fusion of original reduction methods, which is a new and innovative approach to the problem of bathymetric data reduction. The article contains a description of the methods used and the methodology of developing bathymetric data. The proposed fusion of reduction methods allows the generation of numerical models that can be a safe, reliable source of information, and a basis for design. Numerical models can also be used in comparative navigation, during the creation of electronic navigation maps and other hydrographic products.

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A Review of Data Cleaning Approaches in a Hydrographic Framework with a Focus on Bathymetric Multibeam Echosounder Datasets

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Exploration and reconstruction of a medieval harbour using hydroacoustics, 3‐D shallow seismic and underwater photogrammetry: A case study from Puck, southern Baltic Sea

Exploration and reconstruction of a medieval harbour using hydroacoustics, 3‐D shallow seismic and underwater photogrammetry: A case study from Puck, southern Baltic Sea

Bathymetric Survey of the St. Anthony Channel (Croatia) Using Multibeam Echosounders (MBES)—A New Methodological Semi-Automatic Approach of Point Cloud Post-Processing

Processing of Bathymetric Data: The Fusion of New Reduction Methods for Spatial Big Data

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