A Review of Fire-Extinguishing Agents and Fire Suppression Strategies for Lithium-Ion Batteries Fire

Zhang, Lin; Jin, Kaiqiang; Sun, Jinhua; Wang, Qingsong

doi:10.1007/s10694-022-01278-3

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 134 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This risk persists for abused or damaged cells within an energized battery pack, leading to impaired electrical performance and thermal stability, even if thermal runaway does not occur post-water injection. 23,72 The water sprinkler system, with high-pressure nozzles, releases large droplets above 1000 μm, effectively cooling and covering the flame region while diluting oxygen through droplet evaporation. It is widely used for building fires due to its affordability and efficiency, outperforming water injection for LIB fires.…”

Section: Heptafluoropropane (Hfc-227eamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite traditional fire suppressants such as gaseous, water, or dry powder-based, this paper has discussed the emerging types of fire extinguishers such as liquid nitrogen, 2-BTP, hydrogels, aqueous vermiculite dispersion, and composite-based, which have not been addressed in prior studies. [21][22][23] Furthermore, the review highlights the recent progress in fire-extinguishing agents, collects data from current research papers and patents from 2020 to 2024, discusses their pros and cons, and emphasizes the need for improved strategies to enhance the efficacy of these agents and prevent re-ignition. In the end, we have provided a detailed comparison between all the mentioned fire suppressants, covering various factors to determine their working z E-mail: malikurooj9@gmail.com; farid.akhtar@ltu.se efficiency.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Review–Recent Advances in Fire-Suppressing Agents for Mitigating Lithium-Ion Battery Fires

Majeed,

Jamal,

Kamran

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rising energy density and widespread use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) pose a growing safety challenge, marked by the potential for fires and explosions. Given the unique combustion characteristics of LIBs, the need for efficient and prompt fire suppression is paramount. Here we explore the mechanisms and characteristics of LIBs fires, emphasizing the critical design principles for effective fire-extinguishing agents and evaluating various agents, including gaseous, dry powders, water-based, aerosol-based, and composite-based fire-extinguishing agents, elucidating their mechanisms and effectiveness in suppressing LIBs fires. Noteworthy agents such as C6F12O and water-based solutions are highlighted for their superior extinguishing and cooling capabilities. Water-based fire-extinguishing agents show promise, exhibiting superior cooling capacity and anti-flash properties. Despite certain limitations, the review underscores the necessity of identifying an ideal fire-extinguishing agent that is thermally conductive, electrically insulating, cost-effective, non-toxic, residue-free, and capable of absorbing toxic gases. We conclude by discussing perspectives and outlooks, emphasizing the synergy between the ideal agent and innovative extinguishing strategies to ensure the high safety standards of current and future LIB-based technologies.

show abstract

Section: Heptafluoropropane (Hfc-227eamentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review–Recent Advances in Fire-Suppressing Agents for Mitigating Lithium-Ion Battery Fires

Majeed,

Jamal,

Kamran

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Heptafluoropropane (HFC‐227ea), dodecafluoro‐2‐methylpentan‐3‐one, perfluorohexanone, etc. can extinguish the battery fire rapidly and effectively avoid the reignition of fire 106,107 . Therefore, it is reasonable and acceptable that the commercialization of LMBs has a bright prospect with the assistance of these effective strategies.…”

Section: Safety Issues In Batteries Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle safety issues of lithium metal batteries: A perspective

Yang,

Jiang,

et al. 2023

Electron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rising lithium metal batteries (LMBs) demonstrate a huge potential for improving the utilization duration of energy storage devices due to high theoretical energy density. Benefiting from the designs in the electrolyte, interface, and lithium host, several attempts have been made in the commercial application of LMBs. However, the application of lithium anode introduces additional safety risks and potential catastrophic accidents due to the high activity of lithium metal and dendrite during the electrochemical cycles. A comprehensive understanding of challenges and design issues on the safety hazards of LMBs in life cycle management is imperative for safe and commercial applications of LMBs. This paper first reviews emerging key safety issues and promising corresponding enhancements of LMBs during their production, utilization, and recycling. The wet air instability of lithium metal anode and gas production during activation have undoubtedly become the most intractable problems in LMBs production. It is necessary to use spraying technology to build a good protection layer upon lithium metal anode. Then, the growth of lithium dendrites poses a higher challenge to the utilization of LMBs, which requires the design of better electrolyte, anode skeleton, and other strategies as well as the prediction of LMBs life through big data and other methods. As for LMBs recovery, it is of great significance to choose the solvent to effectively control the consumption rate and temperature of highly reactive lithium metal powder. At last, further appeals and improvements are proposed for inspiring more related research to push forward the commercial use of LMBs.

show abstract

“…The harsh conditions that can bring to thermal runaways, such as short-circuiting, crushing and overcharging can easily happen during the disassembly [8,32]. Some works discuss the safety systems as fire extinguishing agents [34,58] for LiB. Alongside the fire extinguishing systems, monitoring devices need to install to prevent and contain risks [32].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotics for electric vehicles battery packs disassembly towards sustainable remanufacturing

Villagrossi¹,

Dinon²

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The automotive industry is involved in a massive transformation from standard endothermic engines to electric propulsion. The core element of the Electic Vehicle (EV) is the battery pack. Battery pack production misses regulations concerning manufacturing standards and safety-related issues. In such a fragmented scenario, the increasing number of EVs in circulation is growing exponentially, opening new challenges for managing the end-of-life of their battery packs. This paper analyses the use of robotics for EVs' battery pack disassembly to enable the extraction of the battery modules preserving their integrity for further reuse or recycling. The analysis highlights that a complete automatic disassembly remains difficult, while human-robot cooperative disassembly guarantees high flexibility and productivity. The paper introduces guidelines for designing a robotic cell to disassemble a battery pack in collaboration with an operator. The design of the workcell evaluates the technological requirements for disassembly, the analysis of potentially explosive atmospheres (ATEX) of the area around the battery pack, and the design and optimisation of robotics tools in the ATEX zone. The work proposes solutions according to the current international standards.

show abstract

A Review of Fire-Extinguishing Agents and Fire Suppression Strategies for Lithium-Ion Batteries Fire

Cited by 26 publications

References 134 publications

Review–Recent Advances in Fire-Suppressing Agents for Mitigating Lithium-Ion Battery Fires

Review–Recent Advances in Fire-Suppressing Agents for Mitigating Lithium-Ion Battery Fires

Life cycle safety issues of lithium metal batteries: A perspective

Robotics for electric vehicles battery packs disassembly towards sustainable remanufacturing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About