A Review of Indoor Channel Modeling Techniques for Visible Light Communications

Ramírez-Aguilera, Atziry Magaly; Rivera, Juan Pablo; Guerra, Víctor; Rabadán, José; Pérez‐Jiménez, Rafael; López-Hernández, F.J.

doi:10.1109/latincom.2018.8613205

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Modeling a VLC channel should define the transmitter as the light source and consider the amount of light received by the PD. There are various models of VLC channels that differ in terms of source and reflection surfaces [59]. This paper uses the Lambertian emission law that says that the intensity of light emitted by an ideal diffuse source detected by an observer is directly proportional to the cosine of the angle between the normal to the surface and the observer's direction.…”

Section: Vlc Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G Networks Physical Layer Security Using RGB Visible Light Communications

Soderi

Nicola

2022

IEEE Access

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Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a key technology for the sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication thanks to the possibility of using artificial environmental lights as a data transfer channel. Although VLC systems are more resistant against interference and less susceptible to security vulnerabilities like most wireless networks, VLC is even inherently susceptible to eavesdropping attacks. Moreover, since VLC is considered an enabling technology for 6G, specific mechanisms are needed to enforce data security. This paper considers improving the security of the next generation of wireless communications by using the Watermark Blind Physical Layer Security (WBPLSec) in VLCs. The main intuition is that RGB LEDs offer the possibility for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) as a useful support for the Spread-Spectrum (SS) watermarking. In this paper, we propose an approach that aims at obtaining VLC Physical Layer Security (PLS) by combining watermarking with an RGB LED jamming. We provide a performance analysis of the proposed security architecture based on the secrecy capacity in terms of its existence and outage probability. We prove that WBPLSec can be used to significantly improve confidentiality in the next generation of wireless communications. The results offer the possibility of creating a secure region around the legitimate receiver by leveraging the jamming optical power.

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Section: Vlc Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G Networks Physical Layer Security Using RGB Visible Light Communications

Soderi

Nicola

2022

IEEE Access

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“…(43) where represents the instantaneous value added to the signal at the receiver due to the noise (including ambient noise, shot noise, and thermal noise). The noise represented by can be modeled as AWGN [8,14]. The term denotes the signal received due to the impulse response of the indoor VLC propagation channel; it can be expressed as follows.…”

Section: Modeling Noise and Ambient Light In Vlc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence of the rapidly increasing population of mobile communication users, the wireless communications face a serious shortage regarding spectrum allocation. The visible light communication (VLC) systems utilize the wide spectrum of visible light for wireless communications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The visible light spectrum is capable of offering much higher transmission rates than those offered by microwave spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the case of a square LED source, the ISI results from LOS and non-LOS propagation. As regarding the environmental effects, the light propagation impairments of optical communication channels are dominated by ambient-induced shotnoise that can be modeled as a Gaussian process [8,14]. In the present analysis, it is assumed that the indoor light propagation is impaired by noise including ambient light, shot noise and thermal noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intersymbol Interference in Indoor Visible Light Communication Systems Employing LED Sources of Large Area

Ali

Hussein

2022

The Egyptian International Journal of Engineering Sciences and

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This work is concerned with the assessment of inter-symbol interference (ISI) encountered in indoor visible light communication (VLC) system inside a room of relatively small dimensions (room area). The signal-to-ISI ratio (SISIR) is evaluated over the horizontal plane of the mobile units (at a height of about above the room floor). The present paper provides performance assessment of the VLC system employing a light source of wide rectangular area in comparison to the VLC system employing a point LED source. It is assumed that the indoor light propagation is impaired by noise including ambient light, shot noise and thermal noise. The overall noise is modelled as additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) including the effects of ISI and AWGN is evaluated over the horizontal plane of the mobile units. The corresponding bit-error-rate (BER) is also evaluated. The dependencies of the average propagation delay, root-mean-squared (RMS) delay spread, and SINR on the area of the LED source are numerically investigated. It is shown the SISIR for the indoor VLC system under consideration is significantly decreased with increasing the area of the LED source. Also, it is shown that the performance of the VLC is degraded with increasing the area of the LED source. The effect of increasing the radiated light power is shown to decrease the BER error rate and, hence, to improve the VLC performance especially at the room corners.

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“…The existing visible light communication (VLC) simulation research is mainly based on two important theoretical models, the generalized Lambertian model of a light-emitting diode (LED) light source and the standard Lambertian model of a reflective surface [1][2][3][4][5]. With the improvement in computer performance and the continuous advancements in VLC research, some researchers are aware that these previous relevant works assumed some sort of simplification to evaluate the propagation channel, which might not hold true for many practical cases [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Applicable Range of the Standard Lambertian Model to Describe the Reflection in Visible Light Communication

Zhang

2022

Electronics

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The existing visible light communication simulation research on reflection is mainly based on the standard Lambertian model. In recent years, some papers have mentioned that the standard Lambertian model is too simplified and approximate to meet the actual situation. To solve this problem, a variety of more complex reflection models have been proposed. However, the more complex models require more computation. To balance computation and simulation accuracy, by consulting the literature, this study found that the standard Lambertian model has a certain requirement of the incident angle range to describe reflection on a wall covered in plaster. In this paper, the inappropriate index Q of the standard Lambertian model is defined, and then the relationship between Q and the light-emitting diode position with only the first reflection considered is determined through a preliminary calculation. The calculation shows that, in an empty room with plaster walls, and when the distance is greater than 0.685 m, the standard Lambertian model can be used; when the distance is less than 0.685 m, other, more complex models need to be adopted according to the actual situation.

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A Review of Indoor Channel Modeling Techniques for Visible Light Communications

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

6G Networks Physical Layer Security Using RGB Visible Light Communications

6G Networks Physical Layer Security Using RGB Visible Light Communications

Intersymbol Interference in Indoor Visible Light Communication Systems Employing LED Sources of Large Area

Analysis of the Applicable Range of the Standard Lambertian Model to Describe the Reflection in Visible Light Communication

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