A review of organophosphate esters in indoor dust, air, hand wipes and silicone wristbands: Implications for human exposure

Hou, Minmin; Shi, Yunfeng; Na, Guangshui; Cai, Yaqi

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.106261

Cited by 75 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 206 publications

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“…Ubiquitous OPEs exist in various environments, which attributes human exposure to OPEs mostly through three pathways consisting of absorption, oral intake of food and dust, and inhalation [64]. Owing to investigating only a single microenvironment or the discrepancies in the same microenvironments in most studies to evaluate exposure, the exposure estimates and comparisons become complicated and uncertain [19]. Thus, we summarized common health risk assessment of air, dust, and water and discussed the relatively higher and lower levels of risk in China.…”

Section: Human Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The choices of microenvironments, sampling strategies, and dust particle size, varied from study to study, thus, affecting exposure estimates. Therefore, the comparisons of exposure assessment results are complicated [19]. Human exposure to OPEs via dust, the highest EDIs of OPEs (median levels) were estimated at 0.42-14.3 and 6.09-208 ng kg −1 day −1 for adults and children in e-waste recycling sites in villages of South China [72].…”

Section: Casual Environmental Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, 2-ethylhexydiphenyl phosphate (EHDPP)has been demonstrated to be cytotoxic and cause DNA damage and mitochondrial impairments [18]. The toxicity and ubiquity of OPEs in the environment and food indicate a potential threat to human health via the inhalation of air, dust ingestion, dermal contract, and dietary intake [19]. Herein, human health and environment threats from OPEs should remain of concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organophosphate Esters in China: Fate, Occurrence, and Human Exposure

Zhi-hui

Yin

Wen

et al. 2021

Toxics

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Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers. OPEs have been released into various environments (e.g., water, sediments, dust and air, and soil). To investigate the occurrence and distribution of OPEs in various environments in China, this review collects and discusses the published scientific studies in this field. Chlorinated OPEs, as flame retardants, are the predominant OPEs found in the environment. The analysis of data revealed large concentration variations among microenvironments, including inflowing river water (range: 0.69–10.62 µgL−1), sediments (range: 0.0197–0.234 µg/g), dust (range: 8.706–34.872 µg/g), and open recycling sites’ soil (range: 0.122–2.1 µg/g). Moreover, OPEs can be detected in the air and biota. We highlight the overall view regarding environmental levels of OPEs in different matrices as a starting point to monitor trends for China. The levels of OPEs in the water, sediment, dust, and air of China are still low. However, dust samples from electronic waste workshop sites were more contaminated. Human activities, pesticides, electronics, furniture, paint, plastics and textiles, and wastewater plants are the dominant sources of OPEs. Human exposure routes to OPEs mainly include dermal contact, dust ingestion, inhalation, and dietary intake. The low level of ecological risk and risk to human health indicated a limited threat from OPEs. Furthermore, current challenges and perspectives for future studies are prospected. A criteria inventory of OPEs reflecting the levels of OPEs contamination association among different microenvironments, emerging OPEs, and potential impact of OPEs on human health, particularly for children are needed in China for better investigation.

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Section: Human Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Casual Environmental Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organophosphate Esters in China: Fate, Occurrence, and Human Exposure

Zhi-hui

Yin

Wen

et al. 2021

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The exposure is revealed in the literature by correlations between the concentration of a pollutant in indoor dust and that in human body fluids and tissues. [2][3][4][5] The role of indoor dust as an exposure source has been gaining increased attention over the years. There are several literature reviews on the occurrence and levels of organic pollutants in house dust [2][3][4][5] and they summarize broadly available information about the sources, concentration levels and the pollutant's relevance to human exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5] The role of indoor dust as an exposure source has been gaining increased attention over the years. There are several literature reviews on the occurrence and levels of organic pollutants in house dust [2][3][4][5] and they summarize broadly available information about the sources, concentration levels and the pollutant's relevance to human exposure. This editorial presents a summary of studies on per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in settled dust in the indoor environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%