2011
DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v15i1.65706
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A Review of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metal Contamination of Fish from Fish Farms

Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals contribute to pollutants in aquaculture facilities and thus need to be further investigated. Besides, there is little information regarding PAHs and heavy metals in the tissues of cultured fish, and the risks associated to consumption. In this review, emphasis has been made on the detection of PAHs and heavy metals in cultured fish species which has relatively received little attention in the aquaculture industry compared to researches on the levels of P… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Their mutagenic or carcinogenic properties are major risk to human health [27]. The effects of PAHs on human health depend on the concentration, type and extent of exposure [28] [29,30,31,32,33]. As a result, the accumulation in the environment has become an issue of global health concern, the principal route of exposure to human being the consumption of contaminated water and food products.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Their mutagenic or carcinogenic properties are major risk to human health [27]. The effects of PAHs on human health depend on the concentration, type and extent of exposure [28] [29,30,31,32,33]. As a result, the accumulation in the environment has become an issue of global health concern, the principal route of exposure to human being the consumption of contaminated water and food products.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sustainable bioremediation research and development is required in developing countries where the average standard of living is much lower as compared to the developed countries [19]. The major concern in most of the developing countries is contamination due to heavy metals and aromatic hydrocarbons [20]. The terms "developing" and "developed" countries are used for statistical convenience but not to express the level of development [21].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The development of the country is measured with statistical indices such as life expectancy, rate of literacy and Gross National Income (GNI). GNI is the sum of value added by all nation's resident producers, any product taxes (minus subsidies) not included in output, income received from abroad such as employee compensation and property income [20]. In relation to GNI per capita, countries are grouped as low income, $1,005 or less; lower middle income, $1,006 -3,955; upper middle income, $3,956 -12,235; and high income, $12,236 or more [22].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…During exploration, production, refining, transport and storage of petroleum and petroleum products, some accidental spills may occur [3]. The threat of petroleum pollution not only from natural sources such as seeps but also from anthropogenic activities such as spillages from effluent treatment plants and other emissions, endangers the marine biodiversity [1,3]. Marine organisms tends to accumulate different dietary and waterborne contaminants including heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and other petroleum products mixed with organic compound such as Anthracene etc (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) from the environment which they live in [4][5][6][7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Among these pollutants, petroleum hydrocarbons represent the major pollutants of marine environment [1,2]. In view of this, aquatic ecosystem is constantly challenged with hydrocarbons of different compositions and origin.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%