A review of system integration and current integrity monitoring methods for positioning in intelligent transport systems

Hassan, Tarek M.; El‐Mowafy, Ahmed; Wang, Kan

doi:10.1049/itr2.12003

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…This critically comes in the form of safety-of-life for the user, legal aspects, or economic issues. Some examples of such applications are autonomous driving [2] or civil aviation [7], automatic road user charging [20] or pay-per-use insurance [21], [22], and power grid monitoring [14] or stock trading operations [14], respectively. Nowadays, timing receivers are used in many economically critical applications.…”

Section: A Gnss Technology Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GNSS User Technology: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

Egea-Roca¹,

Arizabaleta-Diez²,

Pany³

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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Advances in the miniaturization, computational capabilities, and cost reduction of semiconductor technology have made global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) the favorite choice for positioning. Currently, positioning is a key factor for many essential tasks in our modern society and will become even more important with the advent of new concepts such as the Internet of Things (IoT), smart cities and autonomous driving. The extensive use of GNSSs in a wide range of applications has caused their migration from the professional segment to the mass-market segment in terms of both technology and performance. This presents new and more stringent requirements in terms of accuracy, robustness, ubiquity, and continuity for the original "open sky" GNSS design. GNSS technology has experienced an unprecedented evolution in the last decade, and it is expected to exponentially evolve in the next decade. This evolution is considered in this paper with the aim of providing a unified reference for current GNSS receiver technologies and solutions and its expected evolution in the next decade. We consider receiver concepts, antennae, RF front ends, digital signal processing, and positioning algorithms. The impacts on the different GNSS market segments and applications are also analyzed.

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Section: A Gnss Technology Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GNSS User Technology: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

Egea-Roca¹,

Arizabaleta-Diez²,

Pany³

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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“…China has the largest number of special airports worldwide [1], particularly in the southwest plateau region . With the rapid development of the civil air transportation industry in southwest China [2], a growing number of airlines are joining special airline operations, and more special airports are being planned and prepared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on key technologies of performance navigation for civil aircraft based on multi-sensor information fusion

Niu

Zhao

Meng

et al. 2023

Third International Conference on Sensors and Information Technology (ICSI 2023)

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In order to ensure the safe operation of special airports, RNP AR, a new navigation specification, is widely used. To meet the performance requirements of RNP AR for navigation systems, civil aircraft are generally equipped with multiple navigation sensors. Therefore, designing the integrated navigation algorithm and carrying out efficient fault-tolerant fusion processing of sensor information is the primary challenge in implementing RNP AR. In this paper, the mechanism of the influence of sensor anomalies on the integrated navigation system performance was explored, followed by the introduction of a new adaptive federated Kalman filter (FKF) structure. Simulation findings indicate that the accuracy performance of this method is superior to the traditional FKF, which provides a new idea to make sure that the civil aircraft meets the performance requirements of RNP AR.

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“…There exists a substantial amount of research on WLS RAIM [6][7][8]. In contrast, KF RAIM is much less explored [9]. KF is considered an integral component of advanced navigation algorithms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference [9] reviews different sensor integration architectures for intelligent transportation systems and state-of-the-art methods for fault detection and exclusion (FDE) and PL calculations. In this context, all KF-based methods up to the time of writing are also discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analyses of a RAIM Algorithm for Kalman Filter with GPS and NavIC Constellations

Bhattacharyya

2021

Sensors

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This paper evaluates the performance of an integrity monitoring algorithm of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) for the Kalman filter (KF), termed KF receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM). The algorithm checks measurement inconsistencies in the range domain and requires Schmidt KF (SKF) as the navigation processor. First, realistic carrier-smoothed pseudorange measurement error models of GNSS are integrated into KF RAIM, overcoming an important limitation of prior work. More precisely, the error covariance matrix for fault detection is modified to capture the temporal variations of individual errors with different time constants. Uncertainties of the model parameters are also taken into account. Performance of the modified KF RAIM is then analyzed with the simulated signals of the global positioning system and navigation with Indian constellation for different phases of aircraft flight. Weighted least squares (WLS) RAIM used for comparison purposes is shown to have lower protection levels. This work, however, is important because KF-based integrity monitors are required to ensure the reliability of advanced navigation methods, such as multi-sensor integration and vector receivers. A key finding of the performance analyses is as follows. Innovation-based tests with an extended KF navigation processor confuse slow ramp faults with residual measurement errors that the filter estimates, leading to missed detection. RAIM with SKF, on the other hand, can successfully detect such faults. Thus, it offers a promising solution to developing KF integrity monitoring algorithms in the range domain. The modified KF RAIM completes processing in time on a low-end computer. Some salient features are also studied to gain insights into its working principles.

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A review of system integration and current integrity monitoring methods for positioning in intelligent transport systems

Cited by 29 publications

References 83 publications

GNSS User Technology: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

GNSS User Technology: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

Research on key technologies of performance navigation for civil aircraft based on multi-sensor information fusion

Performance Analyses of a RAIM Algorithm for Kalman Filter with GPS and NavIC Constellations

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