A Review of the Acute Cardiovascular Responses to Resistance Exercise of Healthy Young and Older Adults

Abstract

The purpose of this review was to summarize the acute cardiovascular responses of healthy young and older adults to resistance exercise and to review studies that have compared healthy younger and older populations. Intensity, duration, and active muscle mass are known to play important roles in the degree of pressor response elicited during resistance exercise in both young and older participants. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure as well as heart rate rise in response to resistance exercise. Stroke volume generally remains unchanged but may significantly decrease with greater exercise intensity and active muscle mass. Cardiovascular variables such as cardiac output, rate-pressure product, and oxygen consumption increase comparably in the 2 groups. Also, total peripheral resistance may increase or decrease based on involved muscle mass and resistance type. Findings from this review suggest that acute cardiovascular responses to resistance exercise are similar in healthy young and older adults. This supports the inclusion of resistance exercise as part of an overall fitness program designed for healthy older adults.

The Effect of Short-Term Resistance Training on Heart of Nonathletic Healthy Male Students by Echocardiograph

“…In another research, it was shown that after load increase in resistance athletes increases the thickness and LVM (26) that this increase is probably due to the nature of resistance training that increases the after load and this after load is the stimulator of the increase in the left ventricular mass and thickness (26). In the researches conducted by Kanakis and Hickson (1980), Fleck et al (1988) and Jerry et al (1999), it is shown that LVM increases after resistance trainings that was consistent with the present research (13,17,19). Maybe the cause of consistency is in the nature of resistance trainings, but in the research conducted by , it was shown that the left ventricular mass decreases after resistance training that is inconsistent with the present research and the cause of the inconsistency is in the age of the subjects (26).…”

“…When strength training is done, the pressure inside the chest also increases (12). Due to the phenomenon Valsalva maneuver, the drop of the vein blood recession increases significantly and as a result, the heart pulse and the average artery blood pressure increase (13). In those athletes participating in intense isometric, strength or static training (anaerobic, strength and power training), concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle is created (14).…”

Estudo comparativo de respostas cardiovasculares para dois intervalos de recuperação entre exercícios resistidos em circuito em mulheres normotensas

“…It has been suggested that HR is the most important factor to determine RPP 27 , and because in all measured moments RPP changes were consistent with HR, tthis fact was confirmed by the present study.…”

Do continuous and intermittent exercises sets induce similar cardiovascular responses in the elderly women?

“…In this context, literature has shown that double-product is a good non-invasive indicator to estimate oxygen demand by the myocardium, at least for continuous aerobic activities 9,10,17 . For non-continuous activities, such as resistance training, RPP measure is not correlated to oxygen demand by the myocardium.…”