A review of the anatomy of the hip abductor muscles, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata

Flack, Natasha Amy May Sparks; Nicholson, Helen; Woodley, Stephanie J.

doi:10.1002/ca.22004

Cited by 123 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(216 reference statements)

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“…While the tensor fasciae latae muscle is less commonly injured than the other hip abductors [17], a recent report using electromyographic recordings showed that patients with symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement had a reduced ability to activate the tensor fasciae latae muscle during hip flexion [18], showing that the tensor fasciae latae can undergo changes due to a different weight loading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abductor tendon tears are associated with hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae muscle

et al. 2012

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae muscle and abductor tendon tears. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients who underwent MRI of the abductor tendons of the hip were included in this retrospective study. A subgroup of 18 patients was examined bilaterally. The area of the tensor fasciae latae muscle and the area of the sartorius muscle (size reference) were quantified at the level of the femoral head, and a ratio was calculated. Two radiologists assessed the integrity of the gluteus medius and minimus tendon in consensus. Data were analyzed with a Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Sixteen out of 35 patients (46 %) had a tear of the gluteus medius or minimus tendon. The ratio of the area of the tensor fasciae latae to the sartorius muscle was significantly higher (p = .028) in the group with an abductor tendon tear (median 2.25; Interquartile Range [IQR] = 1.97-3.21) compared to the group without any tears (median 1.91; IQR = 1.52-2.26). The bilateral subanalysis showed that in patients without a tear, the ratio of the two areas did not differ between each side (p = .966), with a median of 1.54 (primary side) and 1.76 (contralateral side). In patients with an abductor tendon tear the ratio was significantly higher (p = .031) on the side with a tear (median 2.81) compared to the contralateral healthy side (1.67). CONCLUSION: Patients with abductor tendon tears showed hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae muscle when compared to the contralateral healthy side and to patients without a tear. AbstractObjective. To evaluate the association between hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae muscle and abductor tendon tears. Materials and Methods.Thirty-five patients with MRI of the abductor tendons of the hip were included in this retrospective study. A subgroup of 18 patients was examined bilaterally. The area of the tensor fasciae latae muscle and the area of the sartorius muscle (size reference) were quantified at the level of the femoral head, and a ratio was calculated. Two radiologists assessed the integrity of the gluteus medius and minimus tendon in consensus. Data were analyzed with a Mann-Whitney U test.Results. Sixteen out of 35 patients (46%) had a tear of the gluteus medius or minimus tendon. The ratio of the area of the tensor fasciae latae to the sartorius muscle was significantly higher (p=.028) in the group with an abductor tendon tear (median 2.25;Interquartile Range [IQR]= 1.97-3.21) compared to the group without tear (median 1.91; IQR= 1.52-2.26). The bilateral subanalysis showed that in patients without a tear, the ratio of the two areas did not differ between each side (p=.966), with a median of 1.54 (primary side) and 1.76 (contralateral side). In patients with an abductor tendon tear the ratio was significantly higher (p=.031) on the side with a tear (median 2.81) compared to the contralateral healthy side (1.67). Conclusion.Patients with abductor tendon tears showed hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae muscle when compared to the ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abductor tendon tears are associated with hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae muscle

et al. 2012

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“…The hip abductor group muscles play a significant role in pelvic stabilization during gait by contracting to maintain the level of the contralateral pelvis during single leg stance 4,17) . Patients with posterior PIA showed delayed recovery as assessed by the TUG test following THA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loss of abduction power is a common problem after THA, and it may lead to severe limping and instability 3) . The hip abductors contribute to numerous actions, including pelvic stabilization during gait, and abduction and rotation of the hip joint 4) . Anatomically, hip abductors have a flabellate configuration which has a large region of origin on the pelvis and terminates on the thighbone, suggesting that hip abductor strength may be affected by the pelvic inclination angle (PIA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pelvic Inclination Angle and Hip Abductor Muscle Strength after Total Hip Arthroplasty

et al. 2013

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Abstract.[Purpose] We investigated whether pelvic inclination angle (PIA) influences hip abductor strength and gait ability after total hip arthoplasty (THA). Additionally, we assessed whether preoperative PIA is useful as a predictor of hip abductor strength and ambulation ability after THA.[Subjects] Thirty-six women patients with unilateral THA (age: 67.9 ± 10.0; body weight: 56.8 ± 9.1 kg; height: 150.2±8.3 cm; BMI: 25.1±3.6 kg/m 2 )participated in this study.[Methods] We measured pre-and postoperative PIA, hip abductor strength, hip pain (visual analog scale: VAS), and subjects performed the timed up and go (TUG) test, and the 10-m gait speed test.[Results] PIA showed onetime decrease in pelvic tilt at 1 week postoperatively, and thereafter generally exhibited a posterior change after THA. The patients with postoperative posterior PIA showed late recovery of abductor muscle strength and inferior TUG test results compared to patients with anterior or neutral PIA. The hip abductor strength and TUG test results of patients with preoperative posterior PIA were significantly lower than those of patients with preoperative anterior or neutral PIA.[Conclusions] PIA affected hip abductor strength and TUG test resulting, which were associated with a decrease in hip pain, and preoperative PIA may be useful for predict short-term hip abductor strength and ambulation ability after THA.

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“…Accordingly our findings may not be applicable to running at other speeds, at other track radii, while accelerating, or on banked tracks. Our EMG measurements were limited to the gluteus medius muscle, and accordingly we do not have insight into the roles of other abductors 49,50 or other lower extremity muscles. Fine-wire EMG may be useful for evaluating the functionally distinct regions of the gluteus medius.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gluteus Medius Activation in Female Indoor Track Runners is Asymmetrical and May be Related to Injury Risk

Nevison¹,

Jün²,

Dickey³

2015

Sport Exerc Med Open J

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CitationNevison SE, Jun Y, Dickey JP. The gluteus medius activation in female indoor track runners is asymmetrical and may be related to injury risk. ResearchPage 27 ABSTRACTTrack runners train and compete solely in the counter clockwise direction around the track. These repetitive motions place track runners at risk of "over-use" injury, but strength differences place females at greater risk than males. This study was conducted to evaluate the asymmetry of gluteus medius muscle activation patterns in female runners as they run around the curves of an unbanked 200 m track. Wireless surface electromyography (EMG) sensors were adhered to the skin overlaying the gluteus medius. Participants' muscle activation was recorded as they ran two 200 m trials at a pace of 5±0.5 m/s and walked 200 m at a chosen pace. Each participant's EMG for the running strides was normalized to the average amplitude of their walking trials. There were significant increases in muscle activation of the outside (right) gluteus medius when athletes ran on the curves compared to the straightaways (359.1 percent of walking ±132.8 and 324.7±102.6 respectively, p=0.015). There was a trend for decreases in muscle activation of the inside (left) gluteus medius when athletes ran on the curves compared to the straightaways (449.2 percent of walking ±136.1 and 469.4±132.6 and respectively, p=0.065). These data suggest that the gluteus medius abducted the outside (right) leg to contribute to the lateral forces necessary to run around the curve. The muscular demands for the two legs are different, and are consistent with observed injury patterns. This loading pattern and mechanism of injury may be useful for guiding training and rehabilitation strategies.

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A review of the anatomy of the hip abductor muscles, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata

Cited by 123 publications

References 86 publications

Abductor tendon tears are associated with hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae muscle

Abductor tendon tears are associated with hypertrophy of the tensor fasciae latae muscle

Pelvic Inclination Angle and Hip Abductor Muscle Strength after Total Hip Arthroplasty

The Gluteus Medius Activation in Female Indoor Track Runners is Asymmetrical and May be Related to Injury Risk

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