A Review of the Dosimetry of 1% Silver Sulfadiazine Cream in Burn Wound Treatment

Fuller, Frederick W.; Parrish, Margarete; Nance, Francis C.

doi:10.1097/00004630-199405000-00003

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…() found increased serum concentrations and urinary excretion of silver in burn patients treated with topical silver sulfadiazine. Although the use of silver sulfadiazine, to control burn wound bacteria, remains of overriding importance, the consistent absorption of small amounts of silver through the burn wound treated with silver sulfadiazine, depositing in normal tissues, is a source of rising concern (Fuller et al ., ). Such absorption may lead to hypersensitivity reactions, such as neutropenia and erythema multiforme (Lockhart et al ., ).…”

Section: Freezing or Heating Brandingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Percutaneous absorption in diseased skin: an overview

Chiang¹,

Tudela²,

Maibach³

2012

J of Applied Toxicology

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The stratum corneum's (SC) functions include protection from external hazardous environments, prevention of water loss and regulation of body temperature. While intact skin absorption studies are abundant, studies on compromised skin permeability are less common, although products are often used to treat affected skin. We reviewed literature on percutaneous absorption through abnormal skin models. Tape stripping is used to disrupt water barrier function. Studies demonstrated that physicochemical properties influence the stripping effect: water-soluble drugs are more affected. Abrasion did not affect absorption as much. Freezing is commonly used to preserve skin. It does not seem to modify water absorption, but still increases the penetration of compounds. Comparatively, heating the skin consistently increased percutaneous absorption. Removing SC lipids may increase percutaneous absorption of drugs. Many organic solvents are employed to delipidize. Delipidization with chloroform-methanol increased hydrophilic compound permeability, but not lipophilic. Acetone pre-treatment enhanced hydrophilic compound penetration. More data is needed to determine influence on highly lipophilic compound penetration. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) induces irritant dermatitis and is frequently used as a model. Studies revealed that SLS increases hydrophilic compound absorption, but not lipophilic. However, skin irritation with other chemicals increases lipophilic penetration as much as hydrophilic. Animal studies show that UV exposure increases percutaneous absorption whereas human studies do not. Human studies show increased penetration in psoriatic and atopic dermatitis skin. The data summarized here begin to characterize flux alteration associated with damaged skin. Understanding the degree of alteration requires interpretation of involved conditions and the enlarging of our database to a more complete physicochemical spectrum.

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Section: Freezing or Heating Brandingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Percutaneous absorption in diseased skin: an overview

Chiang¹,

Tudela²,

Maibach³

2012

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…Moreover, optimal dose and mode of deployment of currently available SSD cream in burn wound therapy have not been fully defined. Solution to this problem and proper defining of these would provide a better way of controlling sepsis 29…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and delivery of silver sulfadiazine from alginate microspheres‐impregnated collagen scaffold

et al. 2005

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A reconstituted collagen scaffold impregnated with silver sulfadiazine (SSD) loaded alginate microspheres, capable of delivering the drug in a controlled manner has been developed. SSD-loaded alginate microspheres were prepared by modified water-in-oil emulsion technique through interfacial ionic gelation of alginate using CaCl2. The SSD-loaded microspheres were impregnated in pepsin-solubilized collagen, in situ, while inducing fibrillation and cast as thin scaffold. Morphological features of microspheres and microsphere-impregnated collagen were analyzed through SEM. Distribution homogeneity of impregnated microspheres, their in vitro behavior in (Dulbecco's modified minimal essential media) DMEM, and antibacterial efficiency against ATCC pathogens were determined. Initial drug load of 20% (w/w) with respect to alginate and 40% (v/v) of 2% alginate with respect to oil phase were found to produce microspheres of optimum drug entrapment (3%) and required size range (300-370 microm). In vitro drug release studies from the scaffold showed an initial burst release of 47.5% and a controlled release for 72 h with equilibrium concentration of 68.8%. SSD-loaded microspheres exhibited minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) levels of 32 and 40.2 microg/mL to both K. pneumoniae and E. coli respectively. P. aeruginosa showed MIC and MBC levels of 44.8 and 51.2 microg/mL respectively, while Staphylococcus aureus exhibited MIC and MBC at the same concentration range (57.6 microg/mL). The collagen-based scaffold impregnated with SSD-loaded alginate microspheres can deliver SSD in a controlled fashion, can control infection for extended time period with lesser dressing frequencies, and will enable easier assessment of wound.

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“…Silver(I) sulfadiazine is one of the most popular silver based antimicrobial agents for treating infections on severe burn sites. It is a polymeric complex which releases silver ions slowly [20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

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confidence: 99%