A Review of the Effectiveness of <i>Cimicifuga racemosa</i> (Black Cohosh) for the Symptoms of Menopause

Lieberman, Shari

doi:10.1089/jwh.1998.7.525

Cited by 117 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Extracts from soybean (Glycine max. ; Messina and Hughes, 2003), red clover (Trifolium pretense; Beck et al, 2005), and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa; Lieberman, 1998;Pepping, 1999) has been considered as potential HRT alternatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ginkgo biloba on in vitro osteoblast cells and ovariectomized rat osteoclast cells

Kim

Chung

2008

Arch. Pharm. Res.

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Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-like biphasic effect on estrogen, and could be a potential alternative to hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Here, we investigated whether GBE can ameliorate estrogen-depleted osteoporosis in in vitro osteoblast cells and in estrogen-deprived ovariectomized (OVX) rats, a classical animal model for postmenopausal osteoporosis. GBE (50-150 microg/mL) significantly increased ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) activity of osteoblast cells, indicating that GBE promotes osteoblast mineralization. OVX rats exposed to GBE (100 and 200 mg/kg/day, oral treatment), raloxifene (3 mg/kg/day, oral treatment) or estradiol (E2, 10 microg/kg/day, subcutaneous injection) decreased osteoclast resorptive activity compared with OVX rats. GBE and raloxifene did not increase uterine weight compared with OVX rats, while E2 and Sham control did, suggesting that GBE has no uterotrophic activity, which is a disadvantage of estrogen therapy. In OVX rats, GBE did not restore severe bone density loss induced by OVX, indicating that GBE may be insufficient as therapeutic material for severe osteoporosis. However, despite its no effects on bone density loss in OVX rats, GBE did stimulate osteoblast differentiation and antiosteoclastic activity in vitro. Therefore, GBE may have preventive potential on osteoporosis as do other phytoestrogens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ginkgo biloba on in vitro osteoblast cells and ovariectomized rat osteoclast cells

Kim

Chung

2008

Arch. Pharm. Res.

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“…In recent years, extracts of the rhizome of black cohosh (Actaea, syn. Cimicifuga racemosa) (CR) have been recognized as a rational choice for treatment and prevention of menopausal disorder [9,10]. So far, in vitro and in vivo studies suggest CR to be safe for the breast [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of black cohosh on estrogen biosynthesis in normal breast tissue in vitro

Stute¹,

Nisslein

Götte³

et al. 2007

Maturitas

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Objectives: To investigate the effect of black cohosh on the estrogen biosynthesis in the breast in vitro. Methods: Steroid sulfatase (STS) activity was studied in normal breast tissue obtained from pre-and postmenopausal women undergoing reduction mammoplasty. STS protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Breast tissue was incubated in vitro without or with black cohosh (iCR) at concentrations ranging from 0.1 mg/ml to 1 ng/ml. STS activity was evaluated by incubating homogenized breast tissue with [ 3 H]-estrone sulfate, separating the formed products, estrone (E 1 ) and estradiol (E 2 ), by thin layer chromatography and measuring the amounts of E 1 and E 2 by scintillation counting. Results: STS protein expression and enzymatic activity were detected in all specimens investigated. In all groups, significantly more E 1 than E 2 was produced. Local estrogen formation was decreased in premenopausal breast tissue by treatment with iCR at 0.1 mg/ml (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: iCR decreases local estrogen formation in normal human breast tissue in vitro. This may contribute to the lack of hormonal effects of black cohosh in breast tissue observed in previous studies.

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“…[18]), and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa, Ref. [19,20]) have attracted considerable attention as an alternative to HRT [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiestrogenic activities of Ginkgo biloba extracts

Chung

2006

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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A Review of the Effectiveness of Cimicifuga racemosa (Black Cohosh) for the Symptoms of Menopause

Cited by 117 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of ginkgo biloba on in vitro osteoblast cells and ovariectomized rat osteoclast cells

Effects of ginkgo biloba on in vitro osteoblast cells and ovariectomized rat osteoclast cells

Effects of black cohosh on estrogen biosynthesis in normal breast tissue in vitro

Antiestrogenic activities of Ginkgo biloba extracts

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