A Review of the Low-Voltage Ride-Through Capability of Wind Power Generators

Hu, Yi‐Liang; Wu, Yuan‐Kang; Chen, Chiu-Kuo; Wang, Chih-Hua; Chen, Wei-Tai; Cho, Liang-Il

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.046

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The FRT is usually provided by the wind turbines, since they have fast response times and can easily recover after a fault event by releasing energy back to the grid [52]. A review of low-voltage FRT strategies for various types of wind turbines is presented in [77][78][79]. During the last years, where the DG penetration has increased significantly, the grid operators demand FRT responses also from converter-interfaced DRES, like PVs.…”

Section: Frt Capability and Fault-clearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancillary Services Market Design in Distribution Networks: Review and Identification of Barriers

Oureilidis

Malamaki

Gallos³

et al. 2020

Energies

113

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The high proliferation of converter-dominated Distributed Renewable Energy Sources (DRESs) at the distribution grid level has gradually replaced the conventional synchronous generators (SGs) of the transmission system, resulting in emerging stability and security challenges. The inherent characteristics of the SGs are currently used for providing ancillary services (ASs), following the instructions of the Transmission System Operator, while the DRESs are obliged to offer specific system support functions, without being remunerated for these functions, but only for the energy they inject. This changing environment has prompted the integration of energy storage systems as a solution for transfusing new characteristics and elaborating their business in the electricity markets, while the smart grid infrastructure and the upcoming microgrid architectures contribute to the transformation of the distribution grid. This review investigates the existing ASs in transmission system with the respective markets (emphasizing the DRESs’ participation in these markets) and proposes new ASs at distribution grid level, with emphasis to inertial response, active power ramp rate control, frequency response, voltage regulation, fault contribution and harmonic mitigation. The market tools and mechanisms for the procurement of these ASs are presented evolving the existing role of the Operators. Finally, potential barriers in the technical, regulatory, and financial framework have been identified and analyzed.

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Section: Frt Capability and Fault-clearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancillary Services Market Design in Distribution Networks: Review and Identification of Barriers

Oureilidis

Malamaki

Gallos³

et al. 2020

Energies

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Literature [18][19][20][21][22] studied the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) requirements for the DFIG system studies. According to the grid code of China (GB/T 19963-2011) implemented in 2012, under the 20% voltage drop at the point of common coupling (PCC), the wind turbine must be grid connected for 625 ms and must have certain dynamic reactive power support capabilities.…”

Section: Figure 1 Schematic Diagram Of the Dfig Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low voltage and high voltage ride‐through technologies for doubly fed induction generator system: Comprehensive review and future trends

Din

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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The advantages, such as the mature control method, less volume of the converter and generator, make the doubly fed induction generator system prevalent in the wind power industry. Nevertheless, the doubly fed induction generator is more susceptible to grid faults and disturbances. The instantaneous high voltage fault may occur due to the excessive local reactive power after the doubly fed induction generator system achieving low voltage ride through, and then the wind turbine might be disconnected again. Hence, not only the low voltage ride through but also high voltage ride through capability should be required for the doubly fed induction generator system to meet the grid code requirements. A comprehensive review of the state of the art low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through technologies for the doubly fed induction generator system is presented. Firstly, different types of common low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through techniques are classified according to their features, i.e. auxiliary hardware, linear or nonlinear control strategies etc. The pros and cons of different low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through techniques are given. Furthermore, the latest developments of low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through technologies are introduced. Finally, the future trends of both the low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through technologies are discussed. 1 INTRODUCTION Wind energy has become one of the most extensively disseminated new energy sources owing to the clean and efficient characteristics. The wind power industry has developed rapidly in China since the beginning of the 21st century. The installed capacity of grid-connected wind power will be expected to reach 210 GW by the end of 2020 [1]. Wind energy development and utilisation have started to develop in a decentralised manner, especially at the end of the power grid. Due to the long distance of the transmission line, the impedance of the power grid seen from the wind turbines increases, and the short circuit ratio (SCR) becomes small, which is the main characteristic of the weak grid. As the proportion of grid-connected wind power is increased and scattered into the weak grid, operational characteristics of the power grid, such as weak inertia, low SCR, This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…(1) V ds = R s I ds − e qs + d ds ∕ dt By substituting the stator and rotor flux linkages in the d-q reference frame, thus the electromagnetic torque generated by DFIG can be expressed in (11) or (12) as follows:…”

Section: Dfig Model and Control Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the power plant system may be failed due to cascaded tripping of wind turbine generators. To prevent power system failure, the wind turbine generators must be driven by the LVRT requirements [12]. Moreover, the wind turbine generators require a protection technique that usually adopted in order to improve and achieve LVRT requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of advanced artificial intelligence protection technique based on low voltage ride-through grid code for large-scale wind farm generators: a case study in Egypt

2019

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This paper proposes an advanced artificial intelligence protection technique based on low voltage ride-through (LVRT) for a large-scale doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind farm. The proposed protection technique consists of two dependant approaches. The first approach is fault detector algorithm that using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system as an artificial intelligence technique to detect the fault occurrence and its location. The second approach is implementation of Egyptian LVRT grid code to discriminate between tripping or not tripping decision for faulted wind turbine generators based on fault conditions such as its duration and voltage level. The proposed protection technique is applied on a simulation model of 200 MW Gabal El-Zayt wind farm, which located in Red Sea region and connected to Egyptian electrical grid. The studied wind farm consists of 100 DFIG wind turbines, and each generator has a capacity of 2 MW. The simulation model of studied wind farm is implemented by using MATLAB/SIMULINK toolboxes to demonstrate the performance of proposed protection technique. The impacts of fault duration, fault type, internal and external fault locations on the behaviour of studied wind farm equipped with the proposed protection technique are investigated. Also, the impacts of grid voltage sag and different ground transition resistances on the performance of proposed protection technique are investigated. The simulation results show that, the proposed protection technique can detect and isolate the faulted area according to Egyptian LVRT grid code requirements for enhancement the stability of studied wind farm.

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A Review of the Low-Voltage Ride-Through Capability of Wind Power Generators

Cited by 26 publications

References 16 publications

Ancillary Services Market Design in Distribution Networks: Review and Identification of Barriers

Ancillary Services Market Design in Distribution Networks: Review and Identification of Barriers

Low voltage and high voltage ride‐through technologies for doubly fed induction generator system: Comprehensive review and future trends

Design of advanced artificial intelligence protection technique based on low voltage ride-through grid code for large-scale wind farm generators: a case study in Egypt

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