A review of the mutagenicity and rodent carcinogenicity of ambient air

Claxton, Larry D.; Woodall, George M.

doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2007.01.001

Cited by 124 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 274 publications

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“…10 The assay was repeatedly used to detect mutagenic effects of organic extracts of suspended PM sampled in different towns worldwide. 7,11 In Poland, atmospheric air mutagenicity studies were conducted mainly in the Upper Silesia region and within the Urban areas of Warsaw and Wrocław. [12][13][14][15] Examination results obtained by application of the above mentioned assay allowed comparison of mutagenic activity of air pollutants in relation to the place of sampling, sources of pollution, and weather conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such complex mixtures undergo various reactions that may cause an increase or reduction in their mutagenic activity. 7,11 Therefore, it is extremely difficult to determine the type of substances responsible for mutagenicity of air pollution on the basis of a chemical analysis alone. More useful than the chemical analysis of individual compounds would be a genotoxicity assessment of all pollutants present together in the tested samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many reports exist on use of the Salmonella assay for mutagenicity assessment of the air pollutants; however, the researchers have limited themselves to only use one (TA98) or two tester strains (TA98 and TA100) in experiments. 7,11 The selection of tester strains was extended in the work presented here by the YG1041 and YG1042 strains, which are rarely used in applications of that type. The mentioned strains show higher sensitivity to nitroaromatic compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The examinations confirmed high sensitivity of the YG series strains in the detection of mutagenic compounds in atmospheric air. 7,11 Because of assays in the abovementioned strains, it was possible to confirm the presence of mutagens in small doses of sampled air, which provided evidence for occurrence of nitroaromatic compounds in tested extracts. Most of the articles on that subject indicate that compounds falling within moderately and highly polar classes of compounds are especially responsible for the mutagenic effect of particulates.…”

Section: Ambient Levels Of Pahs and Nitro-pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mutagenicity of Airborne Particulates Assessed by Salmonella Assay and the SOS Chromotest in Wrocław, Poland

Piekarska

2010

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Ambient air particulate matter less than 2.5 m in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5 ) samples were collected during summer and autumn using a Staplex high-volume air sampler. They were later extracted with dichloromethane in a Soxhlet apparatus. Polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content in extracts was determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography technique using fluorescence detection, whereas the nitro-PAH content was determined by gas chromatography using mass detection. Four Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, YG1041, and YG1042) were used in assays conducted with and without metabolic activation. The extracts were also tested with the SOS chromotest supplied by Environmental Biodetection Products Incorporated. The obtained results confirmed the Salmonella assay and the SOS chromotest usability for the purpose of atmospheric pollution monitoring within an urban agglomeration. The atmospheric pollution extracts under examination differed among each other regarding total content and percentage of individual compounds, depending on the season of sampling. The highest total PAH content and the highest nitro-PAH content in the tested samples as well as the most extensive range of detected compounds were found in the autumn season (heating season). The highest mutagenicity was noted for PM 2.5 samples collected in autumn. The high values of mutagenicity ratios and induction factors were obtained from assays carried out with and without metabolic activation, which is an argument for the presence of promutagens and direct mutagens. The YG1041 strain proved to be the most effective in detection of mutagenicity of the suspended dust extracts because of its notably high sensitivity to nitro-aromatic compounds. The SOS chromotest was very sensitive to a large spectrum of genotoxic air pollutants and showed a high degree of similarity with the results of the Salmonella assay. In comparison with the frequently used Ames test, the SOS chromotest enables quick analysis of the genotoxic effects of samples using only one tester strain. In addition, its miniaturized design decreases the consumption of tested samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ambient Levels Of Pahs and Nitro-pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mutagenicity of Airborne Particulates Assessed by Salmonella Assay and the SOS Chromotest in Wrocław, Poland

Piekarska

2010

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Chronic inflammation predisposes to malignancy, but the role of ROS in this is likely to be complex because ROS can sometimes act as anti-inflammatory agents (Halliwell, 2007). The mutagenic origin of cancer may be due, in some cases, to exposition to different carcinogens present in our environment (Claxton & Woodall, 2007). These mutations can affect genes of relevant xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, produce polymorphisms leading to altered ligand affinity and activity, or influencing the expression of downstream target genes (Dong et al, 2008).…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Pesticide Toxicity

Tebourbi¹,

Sakly²,

Rhouma³

2011

Pesticides in the Modern World - Pests Control and Pesticides Exposure and Toxicity Assessment

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Air Pollution

Reinhart¹,

White²,

Kim³

et al. 2011

Patty's Industrial Hygiene

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The present article summarizes about the air pollution and several legislations for its monitoring and control. Air pollution is a combination of both anthropogenic and natural origins and during the height of the industrial revolution that the health effects of air pollution in the cities became apparent. The first federal legislation involving air pollution was the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 and provided funds for federal research on air pollution and followed by the Clean Air Act of 1963, which established a program within the U.S. Public Health Service for research on air pollution monitoring and control techniques. Later, the Air Quality Act of 1967 expanded the federal government's role involving air pollution by enacting enforcement procedures concerning interstate transport of pollutants. The Clean Air Act of 1970 brought about a number of significant changes and also undergone two amendments. The trends of the level and health effects of various chemical pollutants have been presented.

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A review of the mutagenicity and rodent carcinogenicity of ambient air

Cited by 124 publications

References 274 publications

Mutagenicity of Airborne Particulates Assessed by Salmonella Assay and the SOS Chromotest in Wrocław, Poland

Mutagenicity of Airborne Particulates Assessed by Salmonella Assay and the SOS Chromotest in Wrocław, Poland

Molecular Mechanisms of Pesticide Toxicity

Air Pollution

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