A review of the structure of sturgeon egg membranes and of the associated terminology

Siddique, Mohammad Abdul Momin; Cosson, Jacky; Pšenička, Martin; Linhart, Otomar

doi:10.1111/jai.12604

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Among other factors that play a signaling role for fish physiology are some molecules that control the sperm/egg interplay at fertilization; these molecules are commonly called chemoattractants and are able to finely tune the motility function of fish spermatozoa so as to optimally guide sperm cells to egg which ultimately results in an increase of fertility success [21]. In case of fish, the spermatozoon must localize the entrance point at the surface of the egg so as to penetrate and deliver the male genome [105]. Ultimately, the male genome will combine with that of the female so as to constitute the zygote.…”

Section: Control Of Fish Sperm Physiology By Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Sperm Physiology: Structure, Factors Regulating Motility, and Motility Evaluation

Cosson¹

2019

Biological Research in Aquatic Science

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For reproduction, most fish species adopt external fertilization: their spermatozoa are delivered in the external milieu (marine-or freshwater) that represents both a drastic environment and a source of signals that control the motility function. This chapter is an updated overview of the signaling pathways going from external signals such as osmolarity and ionic concentration and their membrane reception to their transduction through the membrane and their final reception at the flagellar axoneme level. Additional factors such as energy management will be addressed as they constitute a limiting factor of the motility period of fish spermatozoa. Modern technologies used nowadays for quantitative description of fish sperm flagella in movement will be briefly described as they are more and more needed for prediction of the quality of sperm used for artificial propagation of many fish species used in aquaculture. The chapter will present some applications of these technologies and the information to which they allow access in some aquaculture species.Biological Research in Aquatic Science 2 the current knowledge with respect to (1) membrane reception of the activation signal and its transduction through the spermatozoon plasma membrane via the external membrane components such as ion channels or aquaporins; (2) cytoplasmic trafficking of the activation signal; (3) final steps of the signaling, including signal transduction to the axonemal machinery, and activation of axonemal dynein motors and regulation of their activity; (4) signaling involved in guidance processes that control the sperm/egg approach and meeting; and (5) pathways supplying energy for the short flagellar motility period of fish spermatozoa. For each step in this signaling process, quantitative methods were developed to evaluate the quality of the sperm samples that are used for aquaculture propagation of many fish species. These methods as well as examples of their usefulness for application to fish artificial reproduction are presented in the last part of this chapter. Fish sperm structure and spermatogenesisThe main traits of the flagellar mechanics of spermatozoa and the main factors that regulate their motility have been described in details in a recent review chapter by Cosson et al. [1]. Structure of fish spermatozoa: a brief presentationCompared to mammalian spermatozoa, the structure of a fish spermatozoon is qualified as "simple sperm", mostly because the flagellum structure does not include additional columns flanking the motor part (axoneme) that are present in mammal sperm. In teleost fish, spermatozoa generally have no acrosome (in contrast to chondrostean such as sturgeon), and the impenetrable chorion presents a micropyle that gives access to the membrane of the oocyte. Spermatozoa often show a spherical nucleus with homogenous, highly condensed chromatin, a nuclear fossa, a midpiece of variable size with or without a cytoplasmic channel, and one or two long flagella [2]. Moreover, fish spermatozoa can be classified into two forms, a...

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Section: Control Of Fish Sperm Physiology By Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Sperm Physiology: Structure, Factors Regulating Motility, and Motility Evaluation

Cosson¹

2019

Biological Research in Aquatic Science

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“…In acipenserids, the perivitelline space is only formed after fertilization of eggs by sperm (Dettlaff, Ginsburg & Schmalhausen ; Linhart & Kudo ; Siddique et al . ). Generally when eggs are fertilized by sperm, the cortical reaction and formation of perivitelline space is faster (Iwamatsu & Ito ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The perivitelline space between the oocyte plasma membrane and egg envelopes fills with perivitelline fluid, which is formed by imbibed water and the substances released from the cortical granules (Siddique et al . ). Until now, there is a knowledge gap on activation mechanisms and formation of perivitelline space of sea bass eggs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The morphology of an egg depends on species and reflects adaptations to different ecological conditions (Fausto, Picchietti, Taddei, Zeni, Scapigliati, Mazzini & Abelli ). The main functions of the egg envelope are to fixate deposited eggs to substratum (for demersal eggs), sperm chemo‐attraction, prevent polyspermy, and antibacterial and mechanical protection (Hart ; Zelazowska ; Siddique, Cosson, Psenicka & Linhart ). The egg envelope also enables gas exchange, as it aids in the excretion and transport of nutrients from the external environment for developing embryos (Riehl ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fertilization strategies for Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758): effects of pre-incubation and duration of egg receptivity in seawater

et al. 2015

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Studying gamete biology can provide important information about a species fertilization strategy as well as their reproductive ecology. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge about how long sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax eggs can remain viable after being activated in seawater. The objectives of this study were to understand the effects of pre-incubation of fresh and overripe sea bass eggs in seawater and to determine the duration of egg receptivity. Pooled eggs (fresh and overripe) from four females were pre-incubated in seawater for 0 min (control), 0.5 min, 1 min, 3 min, 10 min and 30 min and then fertilized by pooled sperm from four males. The fresh eggs had a higher fertilization success than overripe eggs. Our results revealed a significant effect of pre-incubation time for both the fresh (P < 0.01) and overripe eggs (P < 0.01). Fertilization success of eggs significantly declined for both these treatments after 3 min of pre-incubation, which clearly indicates that sea bass eggs are able to be fertilized by sperm for up to 3 min after release into seawater. This study has particular importance for understanding fertilization strategies, reproductive potential, as well as reproductive ecology of sea bass.

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“…The difference in the morphology of the spermatozoa head of different species may be related to fertilization. The fact that species such as sturgeon present acrosome and subacrosome (Psenicka et al, 2008) and oocytes with many micropyles (Psenicka et al, 2011;Siddique et al, 2014), may induce polyspermy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural and Morphometric Analysis of Gametes in Neotropical Teleost Fishes

Murgas¹,

Paulino²,

Palhares³

et al. 2017

fisheriessciences

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Abstract:This study was designed to identify and measure the gametes of neotropical fish using ultrastructural analysis. Number, shape and size of micropyle and ultrastructure of egg membrane and of the micropyle canal; the number and length of the longest and shortest ridge in the micropyle region beyond the structures of the sperm cell have been used as taxonomic tool in ichthyology . Gametes of six breeding pairs of Piaractus mesopotamicus, Brycon orbignyanus, Salminus brasiliensis and Prochilodus lineatus were collected, fixed and subjected to scanning electron microscopy for the observation and measurement of the structures. The results showed many similarities between the gametes of the studied species. An array of grooves and folds was observed in the micropyle in all species but not in the Prochilodus lineatus oocytes. The micropyle was funnel-shaped in all species. The oocytes showed a great variation in the diameters of major and minor micropyle ostium, evidencing different reproductive strategies. The sperm cells showed simple structures with ovoide heads, a cylindrical midpiece with a single flagellum and no acrosome. This study may contribute to a better understanding of fish reproductive biology, conservation genetics and breeding studies. Eight hours after the second CECP dose, fish were removed from the aquarium and had their urogenital papilla cleaned and dried with a towel. The collection of gametes began after delicate manual massage of the coelomic wall. This procedure was performed in accordance with the Ethical Principles of Animal Experimentation, Protocol 040/2009 of Lavras Federal University-UFLA. Keywords Ultrastructural analysis of gametesPost-fixation methodology was accomplished in accordance to the methodology employed in the Laboratory of Eletronic Microscopy and Ultrastructural Analysis of Lavras Federal University-UFLA. Samples containing 1mL of semen or 30 oocytes of each species were fixed separately in microtubules containing a solution of 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 2.0% paraformaldehyde in 0.05 M sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 7.2, calcium chloride 0.001 M. The samples were maintained for 24 hours at 4°C. After this, samples were immersed in 1% osmium tetroxide for 4 hours at room temperature and subsequent dehydration through in ascending series of acetone (25%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 100%).Before evaluation in the electron scanning microscope, the oocytes and spermatozoa were dehydrated with a CPD030 critical point instrument. The samples were coated with gold in a SCD 050 vacuum evaporator according to protocols designed in Ultrastructural Analysis and Electronic Microscopy Laboratory of Federal University of Lavras, Brazil. Morphometric analysis of the gametesIn the morphometry of the oocytes, was valued the major diameter (Md), minor diameter (md), total volume and the sperm head width ratio and the major diameter of major micropyle ostium (MSH/MO). In the morphometry of the micropyle (Figure 1) in the oocytes surface, was measured the diameters of the major ostium (MO) and minor...

show abstract

A review of the structure of sturgeon egg membranes and of the associated terminology

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

Fish Sperm Physiology: Structure, Factors Regulating Motility, and Motility Evaluation

Fish Sperm Physiology: Structure, Factors Regulating Motility, and Motility Evaluation

Fertilization strategies for Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758): effects of pre-incubation and duration of egg receptivity in seawater

Ultrastructural and Morphometric Analysis of Gametes in Neotropical Teleost Fishes

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