A Review of the Suggested Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Adjustment for Encapsulating Protective Clothing

Reneau, Paul; Bishop, Phillip A.

doi:10.1202/0002-8894(1996)057<0058:arotsw>2.0.co;2

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This lower difference was similar to reports by Paull and Rosenthal (9) and Reneau and Bishop. (10) The current study was undertaken with a representative range of clothing, including newer fabrics not available during past studies. A moderate rate of work was selected, which is similar to other studies.…”

Section: Coveralls and Tychem Qcmentioning

confidence: 99%

WBGT Clothing Adjustments for Four Clothing Ensembles Under Three Relative Humidity Levels

Bernard

Luecke

Schwartz

et al. 2005

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Threshold limit values for heat stress and strain are based on an upper limit wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) for ordinary work clothes, with clothing adjustment factors (CAF) for other clothing ensembles. The purpose of this study was to determine the CAF for four clothing ensembles (Cotton Coveralls, Tyvek 1424 Coveralls, NexGen Coveralls, and Tychem QC Coveralls) against a baseline of cotton work clothes and to determine what effect relative humidity may have. A climatic chamber was used to slowly increase the level of heat stress by increasing air temperature at three levels of relative humidity (20%, 50%, and 70%). Study participants wore one of the five ensembles while walking on a treadmill at a moderate metabolic rate of 155 W m-2 (about 300 W). Physiological data and environmental data were collected. When the participant's core temperature reached a steady state, the dry bulb temperature was increased at constant relative humidity. The point at which the core temperature began to increase was defined as the inflection point. The environmental temperature recorded 5 min before the inflection point was used to calculate the critical WBGT for each ensemble. A three-way analysis of variance with ensemble by humidity protocol interactions and a multiple comparison test were used to make comparisons among the mean values. Only the vapor-barrier ensemble (Tychem QC) demonstrated an interaction with humidity level. The following CAFs are proposed: Cotton Coveralls (0 degrees C-WBGT), Tyvek 1424 Coveralls (+1), NexGen Coveralls (+2), and Tychem QC Coveralls (+10).

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Section: Coveralls and Tychem Qcmentioning

confidence: 99%

WBGT Clothing Adjustments for Four Clothing Ensembles Under Three Relative Humidity Levels

Bernard

Luecke

Schwartz

et al. 2005

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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“…The ACGIH used 108C for vapor-barrier clothing based on the results of Paull and Rosenthal (1987), who suggested a value of 118C by contrasting the WBGT inside and outside of a total encapsulating suit and the data from Kenney (1987) with values reduced by two standard deviations. Reneau and Bishop (1996) supported the 108C value from a review of high heat stress experiments with the military chemical warfare ensemble. This may represent an overestimate of the value for light-weight vaporbarrier coveralls over cloth coveralls, which is 8.58C in Table 1, based on other reported data .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Heat stress and protective clothing: an emerging approach from the United States

Bernard

1999

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene

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There is little doubt that heat stress affects many workers adversely and that protective clothing generally adds to the burden. The ACGIH threshold limit value for heat stress is the guiding document for evaluation of heat stress in the United States. Adjustment factors have been used to reflect the change in heat stress imposed by different clothing ensembles. While the first proposed factors started with limited experimental data and professional judgment, heat balance methods in the laboratory have yielded better estimates of adjustment factors and for a wider selection of ensembles. These same experiments have provided the starting point to accounting for nonporous clothing in heat balance evaluation schemes such as required sweat rate. Proposed changes to the ACGIH TLV have been mentioned and a framework for thinking about controls presented.

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“…Use of the ambient WBGT is appropriate for "light summer clothing" for which it was originally intended [37], but must be adjusted in some manner for PC use. This has been done using "adjustment factors" [38,39]; however, this approach does not account for the differences in adjustment factor between very cold ambient conditions where the appropriate adjustment is large, and very hot environments (such as on the fire field) where the appropriate adjustment might be negative. This and other issues have been discussed extensively elsewhere [40].…”

Section: Radiant Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergonomics and Comfort in Protective and Sport Clothing: A Brief Review

Bishop¹,

Balilonis²,

Davis³

et al. 2014

J Ergonomics

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Industrial and sport protective clothing (PC) is governed by protection requirements and sport clothing is generally selected on the basis of performance and comfort. The impact of PC on performance is determined by the nature of the work or sport, the metabolic rate required, the ambient environment, and the characteristics of the PC. The chief ergonomics challenge of PC is when moderate to high work rates must be performed in moderate to hot ambient environments. Comfort is typically subjectively measured and impacts performance. Comfort is multifactorial and dynamic rather than static. Sport clothing design is chiefly concerned with maximizing heat and moisture loss and comfort; however, attempts to use synthetic fabrics to increase comfort and heat dissipation have generally not been successful. Future innovations may include protective and sport clothing that responds to the environment, and that features integrated cooling systems with greater cooling capacity and practicality for mobile workers and sportsmen. A brief review of key challenges in the ergonomics of PC and sport clothing is presented along with potential directions for advancing ergonomics and comfort.

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A Review of the Suggested Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Adjustment for Encapsulating Protective Clothing

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

WBGT Clothing Adjustments for Four Clothing Ensembles Under Three Relative Humidity Levels

WBGT Clothing Adjustments for Four Clothing Ensembles Under Three Relative Humidity Levels

Heat stress and protective clothing: an emerging approach from the United States

Ergonomics and Comfort in Protective and Sport Clothing: A Brief Review

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