A review of thermal conductivity of various nanofluids

Ahmadi, Mohammad Hossein; Mirlohi, Amin; Nazari, Mohammad Alhuyi; Ghasempour, Roghayeh

doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2018.05.124

Cited by 327 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…[105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113] on the thermal conductivity of water based nanofluids, as well as comprehensive reviews such as Refs. [114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123].…”

Section: Experimental Based Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in modeling and simulation of nanofluid flows-Part I: Fundamentals and theory

et al. 2019

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It has been more than two decades since the discovery of nanofluids-mixtures of common liquids and solid nanoparticles less than 100 nm in size. As a type of colloidal suspension, nanofluids are typically employed as heat transfer fluids due to their favorable thermal and fluid properties. There have been numerous numerical studies of nanofluids in recent years (more than 1000 in both 2016 and 2017, based on Scopus statistics). Due to the small size and large numbers of nanoparticles that interact with the surrounding fluid in nanofluid flows, it has been a major challenge to capture both the macro-scale and the nano-scale effects of these systems without incurring extraordinarily high computational costs.To help understand the state of the art in modeling nanofluids and to discuss the challenges that remain in this field, the present article reviews the latest developments in modeling of nanofluid flows and heat transfer with an emphasis on 3D simulations. In part I, a brief overview of nanofluids (fabrication, applications, and their achievable thermo-physical properties) will be presented first.Next, various forces that exist in particulate flows such as drag, lift (Magnus and Saffman), Brownian, thermophoretic, van der Waals, and electrostatic double layer forces and their significance in nanofluid flows are discussed. Afterwards, the main models used to calculate the thermophysical properties of nanofluids are reviewed. This will be followed with the description of the main physical models presented for nanofluid flows and heat transfer, from single-phase to Eulerian and Lagrangian two-phase models. In part II, various computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques will be presented. Next, the latest studies on 3D simulation of nanofluid flow in various regimes and configurations are reviewed. The present review is expected to be helpful for researchers working on numerical simulation of nanofluids and also for scholars who work on experimental aspects of nanofluids to understand the underlying physical phenomena occurring during their experiments.

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Section: Experimental Based Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in modeling and simulation of nanofluid flows-Part I: Fundamentals and theory

et al. 2019

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“…Various materials such as metaloxide, metal and carbonic structures can be used as nanostructures to prepare nanofluids [29][30][31][32]. The properties of nanofluids are highly dependent on the type of solid phase, synthesis procedure, temperature and other factors [33][34][35]. Nanofluids are broadly utilized in various renewable energy systems such as PV/T, solar collectors and solar ponds [36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of nanofluids in geothermal: A review

Ahmadi¹,

Ramezanizadeh²,

Nazari³

et al. 2018

MMEP

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Geothermal energy is one of the most suitable sources of energy since it is possible to use it continuously for generating power and providing heat. Firstly, recent trends in geothermal energy are discussed and compared with other types of renewable energies. According to the results of this section, geothermal energy is an attractive choice for future power generation due to its low carbon dioxide emission and levelzied cost of electricity in comparison with other renewable energy sources. Afterwards, applications of nanofluid in geothermal-based energy systems are reviewed and their important results are represented. On the basis of literature review, using nanofluids can result in augment in geothermal systems. The enhancement is dependent on several factors including the type of nanofluid, concentration and system specification. According to the results of a study, the effect of using nanofluid on heat transfer rate became more significant at higher flow rates. In addition, using nanofluids can reduce the size of heat exchangers used in geothermal-based system. The main effects of employing nanofluids is increase in convective heat transfer and pressure loss.

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“…In comparison to conventional colloids, nanoparticles (NPs) can flow through the porous medium and remain stable in the reservoir under harsh conditions of high pressure, temperature, and salinity. It is also well-known that they can increase the viscosity, thermal conductivity and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the base fluid [56][57][58]. Their ability to control the mobility ratios of the fluids [59], to reduce the interfacial tension [14], to change the wettability of the porous medium [60,61], to modify the self-diffusion [60] and the relative permeability of the components [62] has been reported and discussed in several studies.…”

Section: Controlling Viscous Fingering With Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instabilities of nanofluid flow displacements in porous media

Dastvareh

Azaiez

2017

Physics of Fluids

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The interface of two approaching fluids in porous media becomes unstable at strong enough flow rates when the viscosity of the displacing fluid is less than that of the displaced one. This phenomenon is studied to address the effect of nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed in the displacing fluid assumed fully miscible with the displaced one. The problem is first studied under isothermal conditions. The effects of the NP-induced additional properties such as the viscosity of the nanofluid, the Brownian diffusivity and the NP deposition are addressed on both the flow instability and the flow configuration. It was found that NPs attenuate the instability of an initially unstable flow, but this effect is mitigated in the presence of NP deposition. Moreover, the Brownian diffusivity was found to have a destabilizing effect, but

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A review of thermal conductivity of various nanofluids

Cited by 327 publications

References 92 publications

Recent advances in modeling and simulation of nanofluid flows-Part I: Fundamentals and theory

Recent advances in modeling and simulation of nanofluid flows-Part I: Fundamentals and theory

Applications of nanofluids in geothermal: A review

Instabilities of nanofluid flow displacements in porous media

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