A review of vaccine development and research for industry animals in Korea

Abstract

Vaccination has proven to be the most cost-effective strategy for controlling a wide variety of infectious diseases in humans and animals. For the last decade, veterinary vaccines have been substantially developed and demonstrated their effectiveness against many diseases. Nevertheless, new vaccines are greatly demanded to effectively control newly- and re-emerging pathogens in livestock. However, development of veterinary vaccines is a challenging task, in part, due to a variety of pathogens, hosts, and the uniqueness of host-susceptibility to each pathogen. Therefore, novel concepts of vaccines should be explored to overcome the limitation of conventional vaccines. There have been greatly advanced in the completion of genomic sequencing of pathogens, the application of comparative genomic and transcriptome analysis. This would facilitate to open opportunities up to investigate a new generation of vaccines; recombinant subunit vaccine, virus-like particle, DNA vaccine, and vector-vehicle vaccine. Currently, such types of vaccines are being actively explored against various livestock diseases, affording numerous advantages over conventional vaccines, including ease of production, immunogenicity, safety, and multivalency in a single shot. In this articles, the authors present the current status of the development of veterinary vaccines at large as well as research activities conducted in Korea.

Current status and evolving approaches to African swine fever vaccine development

“…LAVs have been shown to be efficient to control several viral diseases (Lee et al, 2012;Minor, 2015;Jorge & Dellagostin, 2017). These vaccines induce powerful immune responses and limit the boosting dose.…”

Vaccine Target Discovery

“…This triumph over infectious diseases has been achieved by using either killed or attenuated conventional vaccines. A conventional or prophylactic vaccination is based on deliberate exposure to non-virulent form of the pathogen to establish immunity from subsequent exposure to the virulent form of the pathogen (Lee et al, 2012). This approach requires little knowledge of the molecular nature of the individual pathogen antigens or the immune responses they elicit.…”

Present Status and Future Prospects of Fish Vaccination: A Review

“…This would facilitate to open opportunities up to investigate a new generation of vaccines; recombinant subunit vaccine, virus-like particle, DNA vaccine, and vector-vehicle vaccine. Currently, such types of vaccines are being actively explored against various fish diseases which depend on biotechnology [38], affording numerous advantages over conventional vaccines, including ease of production, immunogenicity, safety, and multivalency in a single shot [27].…”

“…However, promising results have been obtained using encapsulation of antigens in alginate or polylactic glycolic acid micro-particles. From the economic stand point, oral vaccination is the ideal route to be employed in a vaccination program which requires one or more booster immunizations [7,26,27].…”