A Review of Ventilation and Environmental Control of Underground Spaces

Yang, Bin; Yao, Huangcheng; Wang, Faming

doi:10.3390/en15020409

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Mine intelligent ventilation works through intelligent perception, ventilation structures, ventilation powers, ventilation network, and intelligent linkage control of underground air to achieve on-demand regulation. Its function is to continuously input fresh air flow into the underground mine, eliminate dirty air and turbid air, reduce the occurrence of mine disasters, provide a safe working environment, and ensure the safety and normal operation of workers [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Location Selection of Personnel Door and Anemometer Based on FLUENT

Qin

Zhang

Duan

et al. 2023

Fluids

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The structural design of ventilation structures and the arrangement of anemometers in the main ventilation roadway of an underground mine play an important role in the accurate measurement of air speed. It is one of the important tasks of mine ventilation management and intelligent-ventilation-system construction to determine the position of anemometers. In this paper, the CFD numerical simulation method is used to determine the position of the personnel door in the automatic air door by FLUENT software simulating and analyzing the air-speed cloud diagram and air-pressure cloud diagram in the two-dimensional roadway model. Under the same air speed, comparing the air-speed distribution of different cross-sections in the three-dimensional roadway model when the wide door and the personnel door are opened, the anemometer is set at the 25 m cross-section behind the air door, and the air-speed distribution of the cross-section at different air speeds is simulated. The average air-speed line and the specific installation position of the anemometer on the line are obtained by Origin software. The result shows that the position of the personnel door is 400 mm from the middle line of the roadway, and the measurement error of the anemometer is small on the left side of the roadway (0.41, 2.45) and the right side of the roadway (4.59, 2.43) at 25 m behind the air door, which provides a theoretical basis for the measurement of air speed in a coal mine ventilation roadway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Location Selection of Personnel Door and Anemometer Based on FLUENT

Qin

Zhang

Duan

et al. 2023

Fluids

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“…The safe re-entry time mainly depends on the ventilation system employed, the ventilation airflow and the distance from the working face to the tunnel outlet [ 3 ]. Forced ventilation is normally used in tunneling construction [ 4 ]. However, there are other ventilation systems that can also be used to reduce the re-entry times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration, Propagation and Dilution of Toxic Gases in Underground Excavations under Different Ventilation Modes

Menéndez¹,

Merlé

Oro

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The drill-and-blast method is widely used for the excavation of hard rock tunnels. Toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides are released immediately after blasting by the detonation of explosives. To provide a safe working environment, the concentration of noxious gases must be reduced below the threshold limit value according to health and safety regulations. In this paper, one-dimensional mathematical models and three-dimensional CFD numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the concentration, propagation and dilution of the blasting fumes under different operating conditions. Forced, exhaust and mixed ventilation modes were compared to determine the safe re-entry times after blasting in a 200 m-long tunnel excavated using the top-heading-and-benching method. Based on the numerical simulations, carbon monoxide was the most critical gas, as it required a longer ventilation time to reduce its concentration below the threshold limit value. The safe re-entry time reached 480 s under the typical forced ventilation mode, but was reduced to 155 s when a mixed ventilation system was used after blasting, reducing the operating costs. The reduction of the re-entry time represents a significant improvement in the excavation cycle. In addition, the results obtained show that 1D models can be used to preliminary analyze the migration of toxic gases. However, to reliably determine the safe re-entry times, 3D numerical models should be developed. Finally, to verify the accuracy of the CFD results, field measurements were carried out in a railway tunnel using gas sensors. In general, good agreements were obtained between the 3D numerical simulations and the measured values.

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“…In addition to the PMV index, the Transportation Air Conditioning Committee of the American Society has introduced a thermal comfort index suitable for the human body in transition space: the Relative Warmth Index (RWI) and the Heat Deficit Rate (HDR). 21 Alahmer et al 22 used the RWI to evaluate the thermal environment of the Tehran Metro, and they deemed that the thermal environment of the Tehran Metro was generally within an acceptable range. Abbaspour et al 23 used the RWI to study the thermal comfort of Tehran subway stations and subway lines 1 and 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using random forests to predict passengers’ thermal comfort in underground train carriages

Huang

et al. 2022

Indoor and Built Environment

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This research developed an intelligent ensemble machine learning prediction model for the thermal comfort of passengers inside the compartment of the subway. Data sources used for data-driven modelling were obtained from on-site measurements and passengers’ questionnaires in the compartments of the Nanjing subway. The four models were established using methodologies of Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT) in machine learning, respectively. The performance of the RF method was compared with DT, LR and SVM in terms of conventional statistical metrics, namely, Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Correlation Coefficients squares (R2). Thermal Sensation Vote with the seven-level indicator (TSV-7) and Thermal Sensation Vote with the three-level indicator (TSV-3) were employed to obtain passengers’ thermal comfort and evaluate the models’ predictions. In this study, the R2 value of the RF model is 0.6527 and 0.6607 for TSV-7 and TSV-3, which shows higher accuracy than DT, LR and SVM models in predicting the two kinds of Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV). The results show that the predictive performance of the proposed RF model is outstanding, and it can predict the TSV value of passengers inside the compartment of the subway more efficiently.

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A Review of Ventilation and Environmental Control of Underground Spaces

Cited by 20 publications

References 107 publications

Research on Location Selection of Personnel Door and Anemometer Based on FLUENT

Research on Location Selection of Personnel Door and Anemometer Based on FLUENT

Concentration, Propagation and Dilution of Toxic Gases in Underground Excavations under Different Ventilation Modes

Using random forests to predict passengers’ thermal comfort in underground train carriages

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