A review of worldwide contamination of cereal grains and animal feed with Fusarium mycotoxins

Placinta, C. M.; D’Mello, J. P. F.; Macdonald, A. M. C.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(98)00278-8

Cited by 785 publications

(486 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The Fusarium spp. produce three families of toxic molecules: trichothecenes, fumonisins and zearalenone (ZEA) (Sweeney and Dobson, 1998;Placinta et al, 1999). These molecules are of relatively low toxicity, but they show a subtle capacity to cause chronic damage of tissues and organs that leads to weight loss, immunodepression and worsened reproductive performance (Diekman and Green, 1992;Tripathi et al, 2008;Martin et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These molecules are of relatively low toxicity, but they show a subtle capacity to cause chronic damage of tissues and organs that leads to weight loss, immunodepression and worsened reproductive performance (Diekman and Green, 1992;Tripathi et al, 2008;Martin et al, 2010). Fumonisin B 1 (FB 1 ), deoxynivalenol (DON, or vomitoxin) and ZEA may be present in several cereals, and cases of co-contamination are documented for maize (Placinta et al, 1999).…”

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Effects of two different blends of naturally mycotoxin-contaminated maize meal on growth and metabolic profile in replacement heifers

Abeni

Migliorati

Terzano

et al. 2014

Animal

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The aim of this trial was to assess the effects of the administration of different combinations of mycotoxins in naturally contaminated maize grains on dairy heifer growth, blood measurements and puberty onset. A total of 35 Friesian female heifers were randomly allotted to three experimental groups from 18-21 to 42-45 weeks of age. During the 24-week experimental period (EP), heifers were fed the same diet, but with maize meal derived from three differently contaminated lots: very low contamination, as control (C); medium-low aflatoxin-contaminated (A); and mixed aflatoxin-fumonisin contaminated (A-F). At the end of the EP, they returned to a common diet without contaminated maize, and they were monitored for an additional period of 12 weeks (postexperimental period, PEP). BW, wither height, hip height, body length and heart girth were measured every 4 weeks from the beginning of EP to the end of PEP. At the same time, body condition score was evaluated and blood samples were taken from the jugular vein to be analysed for haematological, serum protein and metabolic profiles. Age at puberty was assessed by measuring weekly plasma progesterone levels from 40 to 52 weeks of age. Body growth measurements were processed both by ANOVA of average daily gain of EP and PEP separately, and by the analysis of growth curve parameters. Haematological, serum protein and metabolic profile were evaluated using a mixed model, taking into account the repeated measurements in time on each animal. Heifers' growth was delayed both in A and A-F groups during EP, as evidenced by the different linear coefficients of the BW growth curve in the three groups. Differently contaminated diets did not affect the haematological profile, so that it can be concluded that these levels of mycotoxin contamination do not determine any specific effect on haematopoiesis and immunity in growing heifers. The main blood marker of mycotoxin chronic toxicity was the γ-glutamyl transferase activity level in plasma, which appeared to be altered even after the removal of mycotoxins. During EP, plasma glucose was lower in the groups fed contaminated diet compared with C. The joint actions of an altered nutritional status and a long-lasting liver damage were probably the causes of the delay in puberty attainment in A and, particularly, in the A-F group. The results from this trial evidenced that a chronic aflatoxin-fumonisin contamination in diets of dairy heifers can determine an important delay in the reproductive career of these animals.

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confidence: 99%

Effects of two different blends of naturally mycotoxin-contaminated maize meal on growth and metabolic profile in replacement heifers

Abeni

Migliorati

Terzano

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…특히 T-2 독소는 Fusarium 속 곰팡이 독소 중에서 가장 활성이 강한 것으로 알려져 있 다 (Gaumann, 1957;Kern, 1972;Lee et al, 2012;Placinta et al, 1999;Song et al, 2006). Enniatin과 fumonisin은 유 용한 제초제로 평가되고 있으며, 9,10-dehydrofusaric acid는 기생식물인 Striga hermonation의 종자 발아를 억제한다 (Abbas et al, 1991;Hershenhorn et al, 1992;Zonno et al, 1996 sp.…”

Section: Fusaric Acid는 다양한 Fusarium 속이 생산하는 독소로 알려 져 있으며 Trichotheceunclassified

Role of a Phytotoxin Produced by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani on Pathogenesis of and Resistance to the Fungus

Shim¹,

Kim²,

Jang³

et al. 2013

Korean Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology

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Abstract. In the course of a developing screening method for resistant radish to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani, we found that the fungus produces phytotoxic compound against Raphanus sativus. The culture filtrate of F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani KR1 represented the strongest phytotoxicity when the fungus was incubated in the malt extract broth with 150 rpm at 25°C for 14 days. Under bioassay-guided purification, we isolated a substance from liquid culture of F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani KR1, with phytotoxic effect against R. sativus. The compound was identified as fusaric acid by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analyses. Phytotoxicity of the compound against cruciferous vegetable crops, including radish, cabbage, and broccoli, was investigated. Fusaric acid represented phytotoxicity on radish seedlings by concentration dependant manner. And the phytotoxin demonstrated strong phytotoxicity on the resistant cultivars as well as susceptible cultivars of radish to F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani. In addition, fusaric acid isolated from the fungus also showed a potent phytotoxic efficacy against non-host Brassicaceae crops of the fungus such as cabbage and broccoli. The results demonstrate that fusaric acid produced by F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani is non-host-specific toxin and for screening of resistant radish to the fungal pathogen, spore suspension of the fungus without the phytotoxin has to be used.

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“…Mycothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Stachybotrys and Cephalosporium [9,10]. These fungi typically infest maize, oats, barley and wheat, producing trichothecenes [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These fungi typically infest maize, oats, barley and wheat, producing trichothecenes [9]. Currently, more than 150 trichothecenes have been reported [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Cytotoxic Activities of Two New Trichothecenes and a New Cuparane-Type Sesquiterpenoid from the Cultures of the Mushroom Engleromyces goetzii

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Nat. Prod. Bioprospect.

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Engleromyces goetzii is a traditional medicinal mushroom that is widely used to treat infection, inflammation and cancer in Tibet, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces of China. Two new trichothecenes, engleromycones A and B (1 and 2), one new cuparane-type sesquiterpenoid named infuscol F (11), eight known trichothecene analogs, sambucinol (3), 3-deoxysambucinol (4), trichothecolone (5), trichodermol (6), 8-deoxytrichothecin (7), trichothecin (8), trichothecinol B (9) and trichothecinol A (10), and one known cyclopentanoid sesquiterpene cyclonerodiol (12) were isolated from the cultures of E. goetzii. The new compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic analyses. The anticancer effects of trichothecenes 1-10 were examined in the HL-60, SMMC-7721, A549, MCF-7, and SW-480 human cancer cell lines using an MTT assay. Trichothecinol A (10) significantly inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells, with an IC 50 value of 0.006 lM, which was comparable to the cytotoxic activity of the positive control, paclitaxel, indicating that trichothecinol A (10) represents a potential anticancer agent.

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A review of worldwide contamination of cereal grains and animal feed with Fusarium mycotoxins

Cited by 785 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of two different blends of naturally mycotoxin-contaminated maize meal on growth and metabolic profile in replacement heifers

Effects of two different blends of naturally mycotoxin-contaminated maize meal on growth and metabolic profile in replacement heifers

Role of a Phytotoxin Produced by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani on Pathogenesis of and Resistance to the Fungus

Identification and Cytotoxic Activities of Two New Trichothecenes and a New Cuparane-Type Sesquiterpenoid from the Cultures of the Mushroom Engleromyces goetzii

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