A Review on Adsorption Technologies for Mercury Emission Control

Li, Guoliang; Wu, Qingru; Xu, Liwen; Wen, Minneng; Liu, Kaiyun; Tang, Yi; Zou, Jing; Wang, Yu

doi:10.1007/s00128-019-02648-4

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This indicated that the use of a solvent-free strategy decreased unwanted blockage of functional groups in the wet impregnation process. The exposure of oxygen-containing functional groups on the biochar benefits Hg 0 , and VOC removal via adsorption over mechanochemical synthesized materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent-Free Synthesis of MnOx-FeOx/Biochar for Hg⁰ and o-Xylene Removal from Flue Gas

et al. 2021

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and Hg adversely affect the health of communities in coal-based economies in countries that depend on coal-fired power plants. In this study, biochar with incorporated Mn–Fe oxide composite was synthesized by co-ball milling of metal ions and biomass, followed by in situ pyrolysis carbonization and oxidation. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) result shows that the generated metal oxides were incorporated into the biochar matrix rather than being physically deposited. By avoiding wet impregnation in the MnFe loading process, abundant functional groups were preserved on the surface of the materials. MnFe oxide homogeneity and dispersion on biochar were effectively promoted by mechanochemical synthesis for 4 h and showed high Mn and Fe oxidation states and a large amount of Lewis acid of 56.47 mol/g. Effectively promoted by these properties, the Mn–Fe oxides/biochar composite efficiently purified Hg0 and VOC by adsorption and catalytic oxidation from simulated coal-fired flue gas. The mutual inhibitory effect between Hg0 and o-xylene is pounced at high reaction temperatures when catalytic oxidation dominated. The mechanochemical strategy endowed the Mn–Fe oxides/biochar composite with strong magnetic properties, showing a saturation magnetization of 24.33 emu/g, which enabled 100% separation of the material from coal-fired fly ash.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent-Free Synthesis of MnOx-FeOx/Biochar for Hg⁰ and o-Xylene Removal from Flue Gas

et al. 2021

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“…The first two forms of mercury can be almost completely captured through fabric filters (FF) and wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) devices respectively due to those characteristics [ 13 ]. However, conventional desulfurization and dust removal equipment cannot succeed to achieve acceptable performance in the removal of element mercury [ 14 ]. Although elemental mercury emission is a trace from the coal-fired industry, the accumulation and difficult removal properties, which are water-insoluble and volatile, have brought a worldwide threat to the biological environment and human health [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism

Jiang

Diao

2022

IJERPH

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As the solid waste by-product from the delayed coking process, high-sulfur petroleum coke (HSPC), which is hardly used for green utilization, becomes a promising raw material for Hg0 removal from coal-fired flue gas. The effects of the physical–chemical evolution of HSPC on Hg0 removal are discussed. The improved micropores created by pyrolysis and KOH activation could lead to over 50% of Hg0 removal efficiency with the loss of inherent sulfur. Additional S-containing and Br-containing additives are usually introduced to enhance active surface functional groups for Hg0 oxidation, where the main product are HgS, HgBr, and HgBr2. The chemical–mechanical activation method can make additives well loaded on the surface for Hg0 removal. The DFT method is used to sufficiently explain the micro-scale reaction mechanism of Hg0 oxidation on the surface of revised-HSPC. ReaxFF is usually employed for the simulation of the pyrolysis of HSPC. However, the developed mesoporous structure would be a better choice for Hg0 removal in that the coupled influence of pore structure and functional groups plays a comprehensive role in both adsorption and oxidation of Hg0. Thus, the optimal porous structure should be further explored. On the other hand, both internal and surface sulfur in HSPC should be enhanced to be exposed to saving sulfur additives or obtaining higher Hg0 removal capacity. For it, controllable pyrolysis with different pyrolysis parameters and the chemical–mechanical activation method is recommended to both improve pore structure and increase functional groups for Hg0 removal. For simulation methods, ReaxFF and DFT theory are expected to explain the micro-scale mechanisms of controllable pyrolysis, the chemical–mechanical activation of HSPC, and further Hg0 removal. This review work aims to provide both experimental and simulational guidance to promote the development of industrial application of Hg0 adsorbent based on HSPC.

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“…Fly ash, as a byproduct of a coal-fired power plant, is also has wide sources and low cost. It is able to be a very effective adsorbent after physical and chemical modification. , The late research results showed that the physical structure and chemical composition of fly ash featured crucial influence on mercury removal, such as particle size, specific surface area, unburned carbon, , mineral composition, , and surface functional groups. , The raw fly ash has poor mercury removal performance because it is in stable physical and chemical states, while its mercury removal capability can be significantly improved after halogen modification. , Zhou et al found that the NH 4 Br chemical impregnation modified fly ash can improve its oxidation ability and promote the adsorption to Hg 0 . Zhang et al used two kinds of fly ash modified by CaCl 2 , CaBr 2 , and HBr impregnation to investigate the removal effect of mercury in an air flow reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is able to be a very effective adsorbent after physical and chemical modification. 8,9 The late research results showed that the physical structure and chemical composition of fly ash featured crucial influence on mercury removal, such as particle size, 10 specific surface area, 11 unburned carbon, 12,13 mineral composition, 14,15 and surface functional groups. 16,17 The raw fly ash has poor mercury removal performance because it is in stable physical and chemical states, while its mercury removal capability can be significantly improved after halogen modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mechanical–Chemical Modification Process on Mercury Removal of Bromine Modified Fly Ash

Geng

Duan

et al. 2020

Energy Fuels

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As a new modification method, mechanochemistry features the remarkable advantages of simple operation process, low energy consumption, easy chemical modification, and suitability for industrialization. In this work, the coal-fired byproduct fly ash was modified by a mechanical–chemical method through omnidirectional planetary ball mill. The effect of the mechanical–chemical modification process parameters on the performance of mercury removal and physicochemical properties of the fly ash and the relationship between the mercury removal efficiency and the physicochemical properties were studied. The experimental results showed that, under the condition of single mechanical ball milling, the mercury removal efficiency of fly ash (FA) was slightly higher than that of raw FA. After being modified by NaBr, the mercury removal efficiency of FA increased considerably with the increase of ball milling time and speed and decreased with the increase of the size of the grinding ball. However, it was no longer significantly improved with further increasing the ball milling time and speed owing to the limited unburned carbon content in FA. The best modification process parameters were determined from the ball milling time of 1 h, the ball milling speed of 400 rpm, and the ball size of 5 mm. The characterization results showed that there was no big difference in physical properties of FA between various mechanical–chemical modification processes. However, the content of carbonyl and carboxyl/ester groups and C–Br covalent groups on modified FA demonstrated a key role in promoting mercury removal performance. The contents of carbonyl and carboxyl/ester groups and C–Br covalent groups were positively proportional to the mercury removal rate, and they were consumed during mercury adsorption. The results confirmed that the improvement of mercury removal efficiency of modified FA was dominated mainly by the surface chemical properties. Compared with the carbonyl and carboxyl/ester groups, the C–Br covalent group was the major chemisorption site of Hg0.

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A Review on Adsorption Technologies for Mercury Emission Control

Cited by 19 publications

References 62 publications

Solvent-Free Synthesis of MnOx-FeOx/Biochar for Hg⁰ and o-Xylene Removal from Flue Gas

Solvent-Free Synthesis of MnOx-FeOx/Biochar for Hg⁰ and o-Xylene Removal from Flue Gas

The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism

Effect of Mechanical–Chemical Modification Process on Mercury Removal of Bromine Modified Fly Ash

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A Review on Adsorption Technologies for Mercury Emission Control

Cited by 19 publications

References 62 publications

Solvent-Free Synthesis of MnOx-FeOx/Biochar for Hg0 and o-Xylene Removal from Flue Gas

Solvent-Free Synthesis of MnOx-FeOx/Biochar for Hg0 and o-Xylene Removal from Flue Gas

The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism

Effect of Mechanical–Chemical Modification Process on Mercury Removal of Bromine Modified Fly Ash

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Solvent-Free Synthesis of MnOx-FeOx/Biochar for Hg⁰ and o-Xylene Removal from Flue Gas

Solvent-Free Synthesis of MnOx-FeOx/Biochar for Hg⁰ and o-Xylene Removal from Flue Gas