A review on anti-bacterials to combat resistance: From ancient era of plants and metals to present and future perspectives of green nano technological combinations

Ruddaraju, Lakshmi Kalyani; Pammi, S.V.N.; Guntuku, Girija Sankar; Padavala, Veerabhadra Swamy; Kolapalli, Venkata Ramana Murthy

doi:10.1016/j.ajps.2019.03.002

Cited by 180 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that bacterial pathogens are exhibiting resistance against a variety of antibiotics [ 4 ], thereby limiting the effectiveness of these agents [ 5 ]. Contrary to the modes of action of antibiotics, bacterial strains are able to express antimicrobial resistance by: (1) altering the target of antibiotics by expressing genes that code for an alternate version of the antibiotic target [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]; (2) developing enzymes that can degrade or modify the drug [ 1 , 8 ]; (3) ensuring reduced uptake of antimicrobial drugs or acting as efflux pumps that push out the drugs [ 3 , 6 ]; and (4) formation of biofilm layers around the bacterial cell, thus limiting or reducing its exposure to antibiotics [ 8 , 9 ]. The ever-increasing occurrence of bacterial resistance among pathogenic bacteria that is most often caused by the inappropriate or misuse of antibiotics [ 10 ], coupled with limited surveillance data as well as the recent increase in biofilm-associated infections in humans, has led to the search for more effective agents and strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in a change in cell structure and finally inhibits the microorganism [ 2 , 9 ]. In addition to these, another mechanism of action exhibited by metal oxides is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which triggers electrostatic interaction, thus altering the prokaryotic cell wall and enzyme or DNA pathways [ 1 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity

2020

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This study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles produced using aqueous extracts of pomegranate leaves and flowers designated ZnO-NPs-PL, ZnO-NPs-PF. In the study, oxides of zinc were successfully employed to fabricate nanoparticles using extracts from leaves and flowers of pomegranate (Punica granatum). The nanoparticles obtained were characterized spectroscopically. X-ray diffractive analysis (XRD) revealed the elemental components and nature of the synthesized particles. The fabricated zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NPs) showed a crystalline structure. The morphology of the nanoparticles as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was unevenly spherical and the functional groups involved in stabilization, reduction and capping were confirmed using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. Confirmation of the nanoparticles by UV–Vis analysis showed absorption bands of 284 and 357 nm for pomegranate leaf and flower extract, respectively, mediated ZnO-NPs. Evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of the fabricated nanoparticles showed that ZnO-NPs were effective against all selected pathogenic strains, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella diarizonae, Salmonella typhi, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Moraxella catarrhalis, Aeromonas hydrophila and Listeria monocytogenes, used in the analysis. The effectiveness of these nanoparticles could be linked to their sizes and shapes as obtained using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Our reports revealed that increasing the concentration of the nanoparticles resulted in an increase in the antibacterial activity exerted by the nanoparticles, thus suggesting that both ZnO-NPs can effectively be used as alternative antibacterial agents. Further research is required to assess their mechanisms of action and toxicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity

2020

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“…In contrast, the mechanisms of action of C-N-TiO 2 -coated films on B. subtilis inactivation in visible light shown in Figure 9 may not only result from the ROS generated but also from the photo chemical irradiation of water that further induced water disinfection via sterilisation of Bacillus micro-organisms (pathogens). Furthermore, Ruddaraju et al [ 115 ] noted that nanoparticles can modify the metabolic behaviour of bacteria when interacting directly with bacterial cells via electrostatic interaction, van der Waals forces, receptor-ligand, and hydrophobic contacts, which is in line with Choi et al [ 116 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Anticorrosion Coated Stainless Steel as Durable Support for C-N-TiO2 Photo Catalyst Layer

et al. 2020

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The development of durable photocatalytic supports resistant in harsh environment has become challenging in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) focusing on water and wastewater remediation. In this study, stainless steel (SS), SS/Ti (N,O) and SS/Cr-N/Cr (N,O) anticorrosion layers on SS meshes were dip-coated with sol gel synthesised C-N-TiO2 photo catalysts pyrolysed at 350 °C for 105 min, using a heating rate of 50 °C/min under N2 gas. The supported C-N-TiO2 films were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that C-N-TiO2 was successfully deposited on anticorrosion coated SS supports and had different morphologies. The amorphous C and TiO2 were predominant in C-N-TiO2 over anatase and rutile phases on the surface of SS and anticorrosion supports. The C-N-TiO2 coated films showed enhanced photocatalytic activity for the decolouration of O.II dye under both solar and UV radiations. The fabricated C-N-TiO2 films showed significant antibacterial activities in the dark as well as in visible light. Herein, we demonstrate that SS/Ti(N,O) and SS/Cr-N/Cr(N,O) anticorrosion coatings are adequate photocatalytic and corrosion resistant supports. The C-N-TiO2 photo catalytic coatings can be used for water and wastewater decontamination of pollutants and microbes.

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“…This synthetic process is used for largescale production of NPs with biocompatibility, scalability, non-toxicity, reproducibility and medical applicability. Furthermore, metabolites that are used for reduction process are hypothesized to bind to the surface of NP and further enhance activity [12]. The choice of synthesis method determines the physicochemical characteristics of the metal oxide nanoparticle, such as the size, dispersity, type of intrinsic and/or extrinsic defects, morphology and crystal structure.…”

Section: Biological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the use of sophisticated equipment, tedious procedures and rigorous experimental conditions are also remained as a big challenges [7,11]. Thus, physical methods produce heterogeneous NPs with high consumption of energy, and chemical methods utilize synthetic capping, reducing and stabilizing agents, and eliminate non-ecofriendly byproducts though desired homogenous metallic NPs are obtained [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New frontiers in the biosynthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles and their environmental applications: an overview

Gebre

Sendeku

2019

SN Appl. Sci.

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Nanotechnology has become a promising and emerging field of research in creating and modifying nanomaterials for different applications. Nanoparticles are considered to be the basic element of nanotechnology as they are the primary source of several nanostructured materials. During the last few decades, several metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and their applications were investigated in various fields of science and technology, including biomedical, environmental, energy and agricultural practices. Moreover, metal oxide NPs have been synthesized by physical and chemical methods, while the chemical method used different chemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents. However, the wet chemical synthesis strategy become responsible for various biological and environmental risks due to the toxicity of used chemicals. Recently, biological synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plants, algae, and microbes as a source of precursor material has emerged as a green and safe method. Additionally, the green synthesized metal oxide nanoparticles have shown a pivotal role in several applications such as nano-adsorbents, nano-membranes, photocatalysts and disinfection of wastewater from microbes. In this review, we present an overview of the biosynthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles such as; ZnO, CeO 2 , TiO 2 , CdO, CuO, Fe 3 O 4 , SnO 2 , NiO etc. Their method of characterization and properties is also discussed. Finally, their applications towards environmental protection is presented with particular attention to water treatment and remediation.

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A review on anti-bacterials to combat resistance: From ancient era of plants and metals to present and future perspectives of green nano technological combinations

Cited by 180 publications

References 151 publications

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity

Anticorrosion Coated Stainless Steel as Durable Support for C-N-TiO2 Photo Catalyst Layer

New frontiers in the biosynthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles and their environmental applications: an overview

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