A review on different modes and methods for yielding a pentose sugar: xylitol

Abstract

Xylitol, a five-carbon polyalcohol, holds a substantial place in the cure and prevention of a number of diseases. The foremost reason for its lesser usage in day-to-day practice is its cost. The method employed on large scale production of this polyol, i.e. chemical reduction, uses extensive machinery and expensive chemicals thus increasing the basic cost of the sugar. Yield of xylitol by other methods including fermentation and enzymatic production is far less than chemical reduction. We did a literature analysis and briefed out the various experiments carried out till date and concluded on the required studies for improving its production and lowering down its cost.

High‐efficient xylitol production by evolved Candida maltosa adapted to corncob hemicellulosic hydrolysate

“…The fact that some microorganisms are able to naturally synthesize xylitol from D‐xylose or glucose makes biotechnological production attractive . The biotechnological production of xylitol could be performed by bacteria, filamentous fungi, yeast or purified enzymes from these microorganisms . Currently, yeasts are considered the best xylitol producers among the microorganisms investigated.…”

“…2 The biotechnological production of xylitol could be performed by bacteria, filamentous fungi, yeast or purified enzymes from these microorganisms. 6 Currently, yeasts are considered the best xylitol producers among the microorganisms investigated. In the biotechnological process using yeast, the yield of xylitol obtainable from D-xylose is in the range 65-85% of the theoretical value, and the screening of different naturally occurring xylose-fermenting yeast has confirmed that the best xylitol producers belong to the genus Candida.…”

Confectionery Xylitol Gum-Containing Tablets for Medical Application and the Sintering Effect on Gum Tablets

“…29,30) To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports regarding the sintering of gum-based medical tablets. The glass transition temperature of polyvinyl acetate incorporated in typical chewing gum is approximately 31 °C, 31) so that the gum base is designed to soften near the normal temperature of the oral cavity. The sintering process is applied above the glass transition temperature, so we conducted heat treatment of gum tablets in the range 40-90 °C.…”