A review on energy chemistry of fast-charging anodes

Rechargeable lithium batteries (RLBs) have revolutionized energy storage technology. However, short lifetime and safety issues have hampered their further commercialization, which is mainly attributable to the unstable solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) and uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth. In recent years, research on SEI has been pursued with determination worldwide. However, the structure and composition of the SEI have long been debated. Especially, the role of the main component, LiF, remains elusive. In this review, the structure and composition of SEIs are focused upon and the role of LiF in SEI is further analyzed. To this end, first, the development history of the SEI model is recounted. Second, the fundamental understanding of SEI is recalled. Third, the anode materials that can generate LiF in the SEI are categorized and discussed. Fourth, the characterization techniques of SEI layers are introduced. Fifth, the transport mechanism of Li+ ions within the SEI is discussed. Sixth, the physical properties of LiF are revisited. Seventh, the source of LiF is deeply analyzed. Finally, general conclusions and a perspective on the future research directions for SEI that may promote the large‐scale applications of lithium metal batteries is discussed.

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Section: The Evolutionary History Of the Sei Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, when a specific external voltage is applied, the charge process of a graphite anode can be divided into four consecutive steps at the microscopic level ( Figure 5 a). [ 51 ] First, the diffusion of solvated Li + ions in the bulk electrolyte. Second, Li + ions desolvation by breaking the solvation shell.…”

Section: The Fundamental Understanding Of Seimentioning

confidence: 99%

A Growing Appreciation for the Role of LiF in the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Tan

Meadows

Dong

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

590

364

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“…The unfavorable intercalation is also related to the charge and discharge rates used. If potassium intercalation rate is faster than the diffusion rate of potassium towards the other end of the graphite layer, unfavorable intercalation on account of potassium accumulation at one end of graphite occurs [25] . Compared with graphite, a smaller positive shift can be observed in the cycled G‐SC 3 : 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Composite Anodes with Tunable Microstructures for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Zhang

Teck

Guo

et al. 2021

Batteries & Supercaps

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Among the post‐lithium battery technologies, potassium‐ion batteries are promising for cost‐effective large‐scale energy storage, as potash is an abundant resource. However, a major challenge is to understand the structure‐performance relationships of carbon anodes for potassium‐ion storage. In this study, we have designed a variety of carbon composite materials from 100 % graphite to 100 % soft carbon and in between, with tunable structural features to fundamentally understand the roles of different carbon structural features in potassium ion insertion. We have found that the graphite‐soft carbon composites (G‐SC) show a high charge capacity of 280.2 mAh g−1 with an increased initial coulombic efficiency, representing the best reversibility among different carbon composites. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and ex‐situ structural characterizations have been applied to substantiate that the presence of soft carbon in G‐SC inhibits the solid electrolyte interface layer formation and provides structural protection to the graphitic layers.

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“…近年来, 钠离子电池(SIBs)因成本低、资源丰富、安全性能好引起了研究者的兴趣, 其与锂离子电池的工作原理类似 [1~3] . 但是, 钠离子电池面临着能量密度低和循环稳定性差等挑战, 主要原因在于以下两方面: (1) Na + 的电离势较低, 导致钠离子电池的工作电压和能量密度要低于锂离子电池 [4,5] ; [8,9] . 其中储量丰富、价格低廉的钴基材料因具形貌易调控以及高的理论比容量等优势已被大量研究和应用 [10,11] .…”

Section: 引言unclassified

Synthesis of hollow Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub>/CoP/C microspheres by one-step sulfur/phosphorus heat treatment with high-performance sodium-ionbatteries

Zhao¹,

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Sci. Sin.-Chim

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Porous phosphorus-rich CoP 3 /CoSnO 2 hybrid nanocubes for high-performance Zn-air batteries SCIENCE CHINA Chemistry 63, 475 (2020); Sulfur-deficient Co 9 S 8 /Ni 3 S 2 nanoflakes anchored on N-doped graphene nanotubes as high-performance electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors SCIENCE CHINA Technological Sciences 63, 675 (2020); Hydrothermal synthesis of CoMoO 4 /Co 1-x S hybrid on Ni foam for high-performance supercapacitors

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A review on energy chemistry of fast-charging anodes

Abstract: Fundamentals, challenges, and solutions towards fast-charging graphite anodes are summarized in this review, with insights into the future research and development to enable batteries suitable for fast-charging application.

Cited by 433 publications

References 244 publications

A Growing Appreciation for the Role of LiF in the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

A Growing Appreciation for the Role of LiF in the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Carbon Composite Anodes with Tunable Microstructures for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Synthesis of hollow Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub>/CoP/C microspheres by one-step sulfur/phosphorus heat treatment with high-performance sodium-ionbatteries

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A review on energy chemistry of fast-charging anodes

Abstract: Fundamentals, challenges, and solutions towards fast-charging graphite anodes are summarized in this review, with insights into the future research and development to enable batteries suitable for fast-charging application.

Cited by 433 publications

References 244 publications

A Growing Appreciation for the Role of LiF in the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

A Growing Appreciation for the Role of LiF in the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Carbon Composite Anodes with Tunable Microstructures for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Synthesis of hollow Co&lt;sub&gt;9&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;/CoP/C microspheres by one-step sulfur/phosphorus heat treatment with high-performance sodium-ionbatteries

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Synthesis of hollow Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub>/CoP/C microspheres by one-step sulfur/phosphorus heat treatment with high-performance sodium-ionbatteries