A Review on Environmental, Economic and Hydrometallurgical Processes of Recycling Spent Lithium-ion Batteries

Dalini, Ehsan Asadi; Karimi, Gh.; Zandevakili, Saeid; Goodarzi, M.

doi:10.1080/08827508.2020.1781628

Cited by 127 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Asadi Dalini et al ( 2020 ) reported the usage scenarios and profit calculation of pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy used by different companies. Hydrometallurgy was mainly aimed at the recovery of Li 2 CO 3 and Co 3 O 4 and had 10,000-ton processing capacity.…”

Section: The Methods Of Recovering Lithium Ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Current Process for the Recycling of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries

et al. 2020

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With the development of electric vehicles involving lithium ion batteries as energy storage devices, the demand for lithium ion batteries in the whole industry is increasing, which is bound to lead to a large number of lithium ion batteries in the problem of waste, recycling and reuse. If not handled properly, it will certainly have a negative impact on the environment and resources. Current commercial lithium ion batteries mainly contain transition metal oxides or phosphates, aluminum, copper, graphite, organic electrolytes containing harmful lithium salts, and other chemicals. Therefore, the recycling and reuse of spent lithium ion batteries has been paid more and more attention by many researchers. However, due to the high energy density, high safety and low price of lithium ion batteries have great differences and diversity, the recycling of waste lithium ion batteries has great difficulties. This paper reviews the latest development of the recovery technology of waste lithium ion batteries, including the development of recovery process and products. In addition, the challenges and future economic and application prospects are described.

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Section: The Methods Of Recovering Lithium Ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Current Process for the Recycling of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries

et al. 2020

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“…Given the costs of making batteries, recycling battery materials can make sense. From the estimated 500,000 tons of batteries which could be recycled from global production in 2019, 15,000 tons of aluminum, 35,000 tons of phosphorus, 45,000 tons of copper, 60,000 tons of cobalt, 75,000 tons of lithium, and 90,000 tons of iron could be recovered . These quantities of materials can reduce the need to mine new materials and also allow countries to reduce their dependence on other countries for battery supplies.…”

Section: Energy/environmental Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling─Overview of Techniques and Trends

et al. 2022

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“…An essential step in LIB recycling is the separation of Co(II), Ni(II), and Mn(II) . The use of solvent extraction is relatively mature in achieving high separation efficiency for Co(II) from Ni(II); however, the use of toxic organic reagents and excessive energy consumption have brought great harm to the environment, and thus, this conventional hydrometallurgical technique does not comply with sustainable development goals. Therefore, development of an eco-friendly and biocompatible recycling route is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Ionic Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic System with Amino Acids for Critical Metal Recovery from Lithium-Ion Batteries

Cai

Hanada

Fajar

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The era of electric vehicles is rapidly approaching, and therefore, it is crucial to provide a sustainable technology for ensuring the circular economy of lithium-ion batteries. In this study, we report the development of a novel aqueous biphasic system (ABS) comprising fully biocompatible components, that is, hydrophilic ionic liquids, amino acids, and organic acids, for the selective recovery of Co(II) and Ni(II) from Mn(II), which are critical metals in spent lithium-ion batteries. Separation of Co(II), Ni(II), and Mn(II) from sulfate media was successfully carried out using the ABS in a quite straightforward manner without any hazardous reagents or organic solvents. In addition, the plausible mechanism of metal ion separation within the ABS was elucidated. The regenerated ionic liquid in the ABS exhibited remarkably stable performance during use in three consecutive experimental cycles.

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A Review on Environmental, Economic and Hydrometallurgical Processes of Recycling Spent Lithium-ion Batteries

Cited by 127 publications

References 141 publications

The Current Process for the Recycling of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries

The Current Process for the Recycling of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries

Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling─Overview of Techniques and Trends

Novel Ionic Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic System with Amino Acids for Critical Metal Recovery from Lithium-Ion Batteries

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