A review on erosion of a Pelton turbine bucket

Shah, H A; Chaudhari, G C; Dhiman, Vikas; Ansari, Farhad; Pathak, M N

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1706/1/012194

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…3 Even the existing HPPs face issues of reduction in generation efficiency and frequent shut-downs due to abrasive erosion in run-of-river HPPs located in geologically young mountains like the Himalayas, the Andes, and the Alps. 4,5 One of the most used hydraulic machinery in high-head HPPs is a Pelton turbine designed for high-velocity flows to convert the majority of the available hydraulic energy. In the Pelton turbines, even particles smaller than 60 µm can cause severe damage to the turbine components like injectors and buckets due to high flow velocities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of hydro-abrasive erosion in a high-head Pelton turbine injector using a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach

Shrivastava,

Rai,

Abbas

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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High-head hydropower plants deploy Pelton turbines to harness energy; however, turbine components face severe abrasive erosion due to suspended sediments. The erosion of the Pelton injector leads to the degradation of the jet quality, reducing the turbine efficiency considerably. Recently, the erosion of an internal servomotor design of the injector has been studied numerically; however, the cavitation-erosion synergy was not explored. This study serves as the extension of the literature with an analysis of the hydro-abrasive erosion and inception of cavitation in an injector with an external servomotor of a high-head hydropower plant (HPP). A Eulerian-Lagrangian approach is used to study the effects of sediment properties and flow parameters on hydro-abrasive erosion; whereas, the Schnerr-Sauer model is used to analyze the inception of cavitation. Interestingly, an increase in particle size from 40 microns to 200 microns resulted in a 95.7% reduction in needle erosion; but, led to a two-fold increase in nozzle erosion. For an increase in the plant head from 200 m to 820 m, the increase in erosion rate of the nozzle and the needle is 4.36 and 1.4 times, respectively. Moreover, the possibility of cavitation in the Pelton injector also increases with an increase in the head of the HPP leading the injector to higher susceptibility to the synergic effect of cavitation and hydro-abrasive erosion. This study attempts to assist the hydropower development in high-head regions with a risk of high sediment flow and manage the existing plants efficiently.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of hydro-abrasive erosion in a high-head Pelton turbine injector using a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach

Shrivastava,

Rai,

Abbas

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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Water Turbine Guide Blades Effect of Quartz Sand on Abrasion Rate

Wirawan,

Firman,

Anshar

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Hydroelectric power plants with the aim of being used to generate electrical energy are mostly operated in areas with sedimentation content which can cause wear and tear on the components of the hydropower plant. This activity is emphasized to determine the effect of quartz sand on the rate of abrasion on the guide vanes of the Francis type water turbine. This activity was carried out using a water turbine guide blade abrasion test tool with a guide blade test object made of SUS 304 stainless steel material. The results are presented quantitatively and qualitatively, the greater the concentration and diameter of the quartz sand particles, the water pressure and the angle given at the same time, the greater the rate of abrasion that occurs in the francis type water turbine guide vane. The highest abrasion rate was 5.10 (g/cm2 x hour) in the angle variation test with a constant Q and a water: sand ratio of 70%: 30%.

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Influence of cavitation simulation on Pelton turbine bucket performance

Liu,

Liang,

Xiao

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Cavitation is one of the crucial problems faced by Pelton turbines operating under high water heads. To evaluate the influence of cavitation on the predicted Pelton turbine bucket performance, the conventional water-gas two-phase flow simulation and the water-vapor-gas two-phase three component flow simulation were carried out at the design operating point of a six-nozzle model Pelton turbine. The results showed that the inclusion of cavitation model might induce obvious influence on the bucket front surface torque curve after the peak, which was originated from the cavitation simulated at bucket back surface during the cut-in process of the next bucket, deteriorating the jet flow pattern with secondary flow enhanced. The inflow of deformed jet piece onto the bucket front surface finally affected the hydraulic performance of the bucket, accounting for the runner hydraulic loss of about 0.5% after the inclusion of cavitation model. This study provided the idea that for the types of buckets vulnerable with cavitation, cavitation phenomenon should be included in the simulation, so as to obtain the performance predicted closer to reality.

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A review on erosion of a Pelton turbine bucket

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of hydro-abrasive erosion in a high-head Pelton turbine injector using a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach

Analysis of hydro-abrasive erosion in a high-head Pelton turbine injector using a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach

Water Turbine Guide Blades Effect of Quartz Sand on Abrasion Rate

Influence of cavitation simulation on Pelton turbine bucket performance

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