A Review on Natural Sources Derived Protein Nanoparticles as Anticancer Agents

Abstract

: Cancer notably carcinoma represents a prominent health challenge worldwide. A variety of chemotherapeutic agents are being used to deal with a variety of carcinomas. However, these delivering agents not only enter the targeted site but also affect normal tissues yielding poor therapeutic outcomes. Chemotherapeutic-associated problems are been attributed to drug non-specificity resulting from poor drug delivery systems. These problems are now been solved using nanomedicine which entails using nanoparticles as drug delivery systems or nanocarriers. This nanoparticle-based drug delivery system enhances clinical outcomes by enabling targeted delivery, improving drug internalization, enhanced permeability, easy biodistribution, prolonged circulation and enhanced permeability rate thereby improving therapeutic effectiveness of several anticancer agents. Natural protein-based nanoparticles (PNPs) such as ferritin, lipoprotein, and lectins from natural sources have gained extensive importance at scientific community level as nanovehicle for effective drug delivery and photo acoustic labeling replacing several synthetic nanocarriers that have shown limited therapeutic outcomes. The bioavailability of PNP, chance of genetic engineering techniques to modify their biological properties made them one of the important raw material sources for drug delivery research. This current review highlighted different chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of some carcinomas. It also focused on the wide variety of natural protein sources derived nanoparticles (NPs) as anticancer delivery of agents for cancer therapy.

A Titanium (IV)–Dithiophenolate Complex and Its Chitosan Nanocomposite: Their Roles towards Rat Liver Injuries In Vivo and against Human Liver Cancer Cell Lines

“…Previous studies showed that TiO 2 NPs induce OS in HepG2 cells, DNAF, and p53 activation, leading to apoptosis [ 38 , 40 ]. Further, it has been reported that a drug delivery system promotes clinical conclusions by enhancing permeability and its rate, qualifying targeted delivery, and simple distribution of the drug, leading to amelioration of the efficacy of several drugs [ 49 ].…”

Analysis of oxidative stress indicators in Polish patients with prostate cancer

“…According to data from 2016, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in Poland and the third cause of cancer-related death in men. The overall mortality rate due to this disease slightly exceeds the European average (according to data from 2013, the mortality rate in Poland was 12.4/100,000, and 12.1/100,000 in the entire EU) (Religioni 2020;Bhattacharya et al 2021b;Kabir et al 2021).…”

“…Today, cancer is the leading cause of death in developed countries. Prostate cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed neoplastic disease, after lung cancer and colorectal cancer (Farhood et al 2018;Religioni 2020;Karthika et al 2021a, b;Bhattacharya et al 2021b). According to data from 2016, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in Poland and the third cause of cancer-related death in men.…”

Natural Compounds as Promising Adjuvant Agents in The Treatment of Gliomas

“…The ligand must be chosen carefully as its receptor must be overexpressed on the BBB and should also preferably be specific for brain tissue to limit the harmful effects on healthy tissues and enhance the accumulation of the therapeutic agent in the brain parenchyma [ 248 ]. Thereby, also because in general natural substances are capable to exert an effective therapeutic action only if administered at high doses (primarily due to their hydrophobic nature), it would permit a reduction to a minimum of the quantity and frequency of administration of the therapeutic agent, reaching at the same time a similar pharmacological profile and a reduction in unwanted side effects [ 249 ]. For example, the apposition of a transport molecule, such as p-aminophenyl-α-D-mannopyranoside (MAN), to the liposomal curcumin improved its transport through the BBB.…”