A Review on Welding Residual Stress Measurement by Hole Drilling Technique and its Importance

Chakrabarti, R.; Biswas, Pankaj; Saha, Subhas Chandra

doi:10.5781/jwj.2018.36.4.9

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These methods rely on the measurement of deformations due to the release of residual stresses upon the removal of material from the specimen [17] and allow for residual stress measurements at different stages of the material's life [18]. The three most widely used semi-destructive techniques are the deep-hole-drilling [19,20], ring-core drilling [21,22] and the hole-drilling methods [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Low-Cost DIC-Based Residual Stress Measurement Device

Arabul¹,

Lunt²

2022

Applied Sciences

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Residual stress often has a significant impact on part performance and lifetime. Existing measurement techniques using strain gauges or non-destructive methods are often expensive and time-consuming. This paper presents a low-cost, novel measurement device that uses digital image correlation with the hole-drilling method to quantify the magnitude and preferred orientation of these locked-in forces. A two-axis measurement device that rapidly drills and images the surface around the hole was developed to measure residual stresses as a function of depth with sub-millimetre resolution. Validation of the device and DIC methodology was performed using a four-point bending specimen and comparison with conventional strain gauge methods. The results showed strong correlations between the two measurement techniques, as well as the theoretical estimates. The total cost of production was estimated to be approximately £380, which is significantly cheaper than competitors. The device also substantially reduced the cost per measurement point (less than £1 vs. £50+) and shortened the experiment duration from 2 h per point to 45 min per measurement. A functional, rapid, economical device has been designed and produced, which is currently being used for residual stress analysis of industrial samples. The presented design is completely open-source, and the relevant links are provided.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Low-Cost DIC-Based Residual Stress Measurement Device

Arabul¹,

Lunt²

2022

Applied Sciences

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“…Safety evaluation and judgment of usability through residual stress measurement on currently installed long-term rails must be performed non-destructively. Many non-destructive methods (involving such as ultrasonics, X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, magnetism, and electro-magnetism) have been developed and applied to measure stress [ 23 ]. Among them, the residual stress measurement using the ultrasonic method has an advantage different from the other techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for Mapping the Residual Stress Field in Serviced Rails Using LCR Waves

et al. 2022

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Non-destructive stress measurement by ultrasonic testing is based on calculating the acoustoelastic modulus obtained from the relationship between material stress and sound wave velocity. A critically refracted longitudinal (L CR ) wave, which is a bulk longitudinal wave penetrating below and parallel to the surface below an effective depth, is most suitable for ultrasonic stress measurement tests because it exhibits a relatively large change in travel time in response to a change in stress. In particular, the residual stress distribution through the thickness of the subject can be calculated if transducers of different frequencies are applied because of the characteristic of propagation to different depths of penetration depending on the frequency. The main purpose of this study was to visualize the internal or residual stress distribution through the thickness of rails using L CR waves. To this end, L CR probes with different center frequencies were designed and manufactured, and the residual stress values of an unused railroad rail and two used railroad rails operated under different conditions were calculated. This was done using the ultrasonic signals received from each probe, of which the distributions were mapped. Through these mapping results, different residual stress values could be calculated according to the depth. The differences in residual stress generation and distribution according to the conditions surrounding the contact between train wheels and rails, and their characteristics, were visualized and analyzed. As a result, it could be concluded that the non-destructive evaluation technique using L CR waves could detect differences in the residual stress of a rail, and thus can be used to measure the residual stress of the rail accurately.

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“…Generally, the magnitudes of residual stresses in weldment are measured by different destructive and non-destructive measurement methodologies [16][17][18]. Jian Lin et al have measured the stress magnitudes in the lap joint of P92 steel by the XRD method [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Microstructural Changes on Residual Stress Characteristics and Macro-Hardness of Submerged Arc Welded P-91 Steel Plates

et al. 2021

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In this study, the submerged arc welded butt joint of P-91 ferritic-martensitic alloy steel plates has been chosen to examine the influence of microstructural changes on welding residual stress characteristics and macrohardness in the weldment with two different heat input 2497.5 J/mm & 2040J/mm respectively. The stress magnitudes at a different location on the welded specimen are measured by X-ray diffraction technique at the postweld heat-treated condition. Compressive stresses are observed in the weld zone (WZ) and tensile stresses are detected at the boundary of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) near the weld zone. Higher compressive stresses are found in the weld zone of both the specimens where maximum hardness values are observed. Different grain matrix in the microstructure contributes significantly towards the quality of weldment. Residual stress, as well as the hardness of weldment, is found to be influenced by the martensite phase transformation and dissolution of precipitates. A modeling concept is presented for dimensional analysis of martensite structure. Energy dispersive X-ray indicates the distribution of carbides at the grain boundaries. Optical micrograph substantiates the presence of δ-ferrite in the WZ.

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A Review on Welding Residual Stress Measurement by Hole Drilling Technique and its Importance

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

A Novel Low-Cost DIC-Based Residual Stress Measurement Device

A Novel Low-Cost DIC-Based Residual Stress Measurement Device

Methodology for Mapping the Residual Stress Field in Serviced Rails Using LCR Waves

Influence of Microstructural Changes on Residual Stress Characteristics and Macro-Hardness of Submerged Arc Welded P-91 Steel Plates

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