It
is still a big challenge to effectively suppress dendrite growth,
which increases the safety and life of lithium-metal-based high energy/power
density batteries. To address such issues, herein we design and fabricate
a lithiophilic VN@N-rGO as a multifunctional layer on commercial polypropylene
(PP) separator, which is constructed by a thin N-rGO nanosheet-wrapped
VN nanosphere with a uniform pore distribution, relatively high lithium
ionic conductivity, excellent electrolyte wettability, additional
lithium-ion diffusion pathways, high mechanical strength, and reliable
thermal stability, which are beneficial to regulate the interfacial
lithium ionic flux, resulting in the formation of a stable and homogeneous
current density distribution on Li-metal electrodes and hard modified
separators that can resist dendrites piercing. Consequently, the growth
of Li dendrite is effectively suppressed, and the cycle stability
of lithium-metal batteries is significantly improved. In addition,
even at a high current density of 10 mA cm–2 and
cutoff areal capacity of 5 mAh cm–2, the Li|Li symmetric
batteries with VN@N-rGO/PP separators still work very well even over
2500 h, exhibiting ultrahigh cycling stability. This work presents
rational design ideas and a facile fabrication strategy of a lithiophilic
3D porous multifunctional interlayer for dendrite-free and ultrastable
lithium-metal-based batteries.