A Robust Image Watermarking Technique Based on DWT, APDCBT, and SVD

Zhou, Xiao; Zhang, Heng; Wang, Chengyou

doi:10.3390/sym10030077

Cited by 83 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…With the rapid development of the Internet, multimedia data stored in digital form can be easily replicated and destroyed by illegal users, so protection against intellectual property infringement increasingly becomes an important issue. There are two primary methods to overcome the above problems, which are digital signature [1,2] and digital watermarking [3,4]. Digital signature is a kind of number string which can be used as the secret key for both senders and receivers [5], and it easily stimulates the desire of illegal users to destroy the multimedia data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm by Modifying the Average Amplitude in Transform Domain

2018

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This algorithm embeds a binary image into an audio signal as a marker to prove the ownership of this audio signal. With large payload capacity and strong robustness against common signal processing attacks, it can be used for copyright protection, broadcast monitoring, fingerprinting, data authentication, and medical safety.Abstract: In order to improve the robustness and imperceptibility in practical application, a novel audio watermarking algorithm with strong robustness is proposed by exploring the multi-resolution characteristic of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the energy compaction capability of discrete cosine transform (DCT). The human auditory system is insensitive to the minor changes in the frequency components of the audio signal, so the watermarks can be embedded by slightly modifying the frequency components of the audio signal. The audio fragments segmented from the cover audio signal are decomposed by DWT to obtain several groups of wavelet coefficients with different frequency bands, and then the fourth level detail coefficient is selected to be divided into the former packet and the latter packet, which are executed for DCT to get two sets of transform domain coefficients (TDC) respectively. Finally, the average amplitudes of the two sets of TDC are modified to embed the binary image watermark according to the special embedding rule. The watermark extraction is blind without the carrier audio signal. Experimental results confirm that the proposed algorithm has good imperceptibility, large payload capacity and strong robustness when resisting against various attacks such as MP3 compression, low-pass filtering, re-sampling, re-quantization, amplitude scaling, echo addition and noise corruption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm by Modifying the Average Amplitude in Transform Domain

2018

Applied Sciences

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“…The coefficients of APBT generate the coefficient matrix for SVD to embed the watermark. Furthermore, a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), all phase discrete cosine biorthogonal transform (APDCBT), and SVD-based method has been proposed [23] to enhance the imperceptibility and robustness, where the direct current (DC) coefficients of high-frequency sub-bands (LH and HL) are used to insert a watermark image. This method has been shown to be robust against many signal processing operations.…”

Section: Robustnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Image Watermarking Techniques: A Review

2020

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Digital image authentication is an extremely significant concern for the digital revolution, as it is easy to tamper with any image. In the last few decades, it has been an urgent concern for researchers to ensure the authenticity of digital images. Based on the desired applications, several suitable watermarking techniques have been developed to mitigate this concern. However, it is tough to achieve a watermarking system that is simultaneously robust and secure. This paper gives details of standard watermarking system frameworks and lists some standard requirements that are used in designing watermarking techniques for several distinct applications. The current trends of digital image watermarking techniques are also reviewed in order to find the state-of-the-art methods and their limitations. Some conventional attacks are discussed, and future research directions are given.

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“…We design content-based infectious watermarking based on SVC watermarking method [8] and APDCBT (all phase discrete cosine biorthogonal transform) [21,22] that robust to H.264SE/MPEG-4 SVC/HEVC as well as different video codecs or trans-coding. Compared to DCT transform, APDCBT transform has excellent performance for high frequency attenuation and low frequency aggregation [21,22]. Our method embeds the first watermark into spatial base layers and embeds the second watermark into spatial enhancement layers using interpolation and quantization table.…”

Section: Content-based Watermarking (C-em and C-dm) For Mutant Watermarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PSNR of the conventional infectious method [20] was 40.57-40.88 dB in average in host data, 36.17-39.12 dB in average in the first infection and 35. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37].63 dB in the second infection. These average PSNR are 0.414-0.648 dB lower than average PSNR of our method.…”

Section: Psnr Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Viral Infection Watermarking Architecture of MPEG/H.264/AVC/HEVC

Jang¹,

Lee

et al. 2019

Electronics

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This paper addresses the viral infectious watermarking (VIW) model using biological virus infection for a new-paradigm of video copyright protection of MPEG/H.264/AVC/HEVC. Our model aims to spread or infect the watermark to different codecs each time video contents are copied, edited, or transcoded. Thus, we regard the watermark as the infectious virus, the video content as the host, and the video codec as the contagion medium and then model pathogen, mutant, and contagion as the infectious watermark. Then, we define the techniques of viral infectious watermark generation, kernel-based VIW, and content-based VIW. Furthermore, we present a reversible VIW for fast infection in VIW model. This makes the video quality and strength be adaptively controlled in the infectious process. Experiment results verified that our VIW model can detect or recover the reversible watermark without loss in different codecs and also can maintain the quality of video content that is recovered to the same bit rate. 2 of 20 reliability, and video quality. Early stage works [1-6] focused on the compressed DCT domain of MPEG-2/-4, H.264 codec or the uncompressed DWT domain, considering the robustness in the face of geometric and temporal attacks. Hartung et al. [1] presented an additive spread-spectrum watermarking technique for MPEG-2 compressed video stream that embeds the watermark in the entropy coded DCT coefficients. Swanson et al. presented an object-based transparent watermarking technique [2] and also a temporal wavelet transform-based multi-resolution watermarking technique [3]. Serdean et al. [4] presented DWT-based high capacity video watermarking invariant to geometrical attacks that uses a spatial domain reference watermark. Wang et al. [5] presented a set of robust MPEG-2 video watermarking focused on geometric processing such as cropping, removal of any rows, downscaling, frame dropping, and bit-rate reduction. Zhang et al. [6] embedded the modified 2D 8-bit watermark pattern in the compressed domain to accommodate the computational constraints of H.264/AVC. Recent stage works [7-14] have considered different codecs and the robustness to combination of commonly used attacks with the development of codecs. Asikuzzaman et al. [7] embedded the watermark into one level of the dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT DWT) of the chrominance channel and extracted the watermark depending on the resolution of the downscaled version of the watermarked frame and the information of that frame without using the key. Fallahpour et al. [8] generated the watermark signals by the macroblock's and frame's indices and embedded them into the nonzero quantized DCT values of blocks, mostly the last nonzero values, enabling detection of spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal tampering. Stutz et al. [9] presented a non-blind watermarking for H.264/CAVLC structure-preserving substitution with high capacity without changing the length of video stream. Khalilian et al. [10] embedded the watermark in the LL sub-band of DWT coefficients that offers the...

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A Robust Image Watermarking Technique Based on DWT, APDCBT, and SVD

Cited by 83 publications

References 23 publications

A Novel Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm by Modifying the Average Amplitude in Transform Domain

A Novel Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm by Modifying the Average Amplitude in Transform Domain

Digital Image Watermarking Techniques: A Review

Biological Viral Infection Watermarking Architecture of MPEG/H.264/AVC/HEVC

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