A routine preparation method for AMS measurement of 129I in solid material

Analysis of 129I in lichens by accelerator mass spectrometry through a microwave-based sample preparation method

“…Extraction of iodine from solid samples is usually carried out by leaching or combustion methods [3,4]. These methods have proved to be reliable and have a high extraction yield.…”

Distribution and sources of 129I in rivers of the Baltic region

“…The interactions, however, between water and soil play a key role in the terrestrial iodine cycle and, unfortunately, this is the most complex, and least studied part of the cycle (Muramatsu et al, 1990;Sheppard et al, 1995;Moran et al, 2002;Snyder and Fehn, 2004). Although the 129 I concentration in soils was not determined in this study, the few published data (Hou et al, 2003b;Englund et al, 2005) indicate relatively higher 129 I (about 2 Â 10 9 atoms g ÿ1 ) concentrations in the soils of southern Sweden compared to central Sweden (about 5 Â 10 8 atoms g ÿ1 ). This is an interesting observation and would mean that rivers draining soils with higher 129 I concentrations may acquire a higher input of soluble iodine.…”

“…The results show a total riverine (fresh water) flux to the Baltic Sea and related basins of 1.8 Â 10 23 atoms y ÿ1 , which is only about 13% of the total atmospheric annual flux in the whole watershed. However, the total riverine flux does not exceed about 1% of the total inventory (about 7 Â 10 25 atoms) in the Baltic Sea (Alfimov et al, 2004a;Aldahan et al, 2005).…”

“…Also further enrichment may occur, for example in soils, thus contributing to higher radioactivity. A few data on soils from Sweden (Hou et al, 2003b;Englund et al, 2005) indicate concentration of about 10 12 atoms kg ÿ1 , which is equivalent to about 10 ÿ3 kBq m ÿ2 and is much than that of 137 Cs, which varies between 2 and >120 kBq m ÿ2 in Swedish soil. Accordingly, regionally dispersed 129 I radioactivity in surface waters and soils of the Baltic does not presently constitute a hazardous external source of radiation.…”

Analysis of ¹²⁹I and its Application as Environmental Tracer

“…The 129 I on active charcoal can then be measured using gamma and X-ray spectrometry or used for NAA. Iodine trapped in a NaOH solution is further separated by solvent extraction [23,27,37,38]. Furthermore, alkali fusion has also been used to separate iodine from solid samples.…”